Measured thrust losses associated with secondary air injection through nozzle walls

Research Progress on Active Secondary Jet Technology in Supersonic Flow Field of Aerospace Propulsion Systems

“…R. Balu [69] first carried out threedimensional flow field simulation for high-temperature gas injection and analyzed the effects of different injection parameters, and his simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results, which verified the feasibility of the numerical model. After that, D. Azevedo [70] carried out a further study by numerical simulation, and found that the performance of the jet thrust vector depends on the injection angle of the jet air, and based on the simulation and experimental results, he inductively proposed a onedimensional thrust coefficient prediction formula, which has a good accuracy when the flow ratio is less than 6%.…”

Experimental–Numerical Parametric Investigation of a Rocket Nozzle Secondary Injection Thrust Vectoring

“…Factors that influence the performances and losses of vectored and nonvectored nozzles [12,21,30,31] were of particular interest in the parametric analysis of the SITVC nozzle. To correctly evaluate the contributions of secondary injection to the nozzle performance, coefficients that represent vectoring C AV , force C AF , and global specific impulse C AI amplification are considered together with the corresponding pitch vector angle, in a manner similar to the procedure previously proposed in [32]:…”