Measured and predicted energy use and indoor climate before and after a major renovation of an apartment building in Sweden

Fleur, Lina La; Moshfegh, Bahram; Rohdin, Patrik

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.04.042

Cited by 76 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As the first challenge section described, previous studies have indicated significant discrepancies between simulated energy use from building energy models and actual measured data (Balaras et al 2016;Yoshino et al 2017;Yin et al 2014;Karlsson et al 2007;La Fleur et al 2017;Maile et al 2012). Again, this undermines confidence in model predictions and curtails adoption of building energy performance tools during design, commissioning, operation (Samuelson et al 2016;Coakley et al 2014) and retrofit (Johnson 2017;Heo et al 2012).…”

Section: Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building simulation: Ten challenges

2018

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Section: Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building simulation: Ten challenges

2018

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“…Sanquist and Ryan [19] also stated that there were not any major improvements in the methods used to model occupant behavior, and that the use of stochastic and other detailed behavior models could improve predictions of energy models, but at a much greater cost than current schedule-based occupant models. There were not many attempts at empirical validation of occupied buildings [21]. A few examples on studies that used empirical validation include References [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Validation Of Bes Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were not many attempts at empirical validation of occupied buildings [21]. A few examples on studies that used empirical validation include References [21][22][23][24]. La Fleur, Moshfegh, and Rohdin [21] measured electricity, indoor temperature, and CO 2 level in two apartments, both before and after renovation.…”

Section: Validation Of Bes Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few examples on studies that used empirical validation include References [21][22][23][24]. La Fleur, Moshfegh, and Rohdin [21] measured electricity, indoor temperature, and CO 2 level in two apartments, both before and after renovation. The aim of their study was to present numerical predictions, validation, and evaluation of energy use and indoor climate for the building before and after renovation.…”

Section: Validation Of Bes Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of Measurements and Time Diaries as Complementary Measures to Improve Resolution of BES

2019

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Building energy simulation (BES) models rely on a variety of different input data, and the more accurate the input data are, the more accurate the model will be in predicting energy use. The objective of this paper is to show a method for obtaining higher accuracy in building energy simulations of existing buildings by combining time diaries with data from logged measurements, and also to show that more variety is needed in template values of user input data in different kinds of buildings. The case studied in this article is a retirement home in Linköping, Sweden. Results from time diaries and interviews were combined with logged measurements of electricity, temperature, and CO2 levels to create detailed occupant behavior schedules for use in BES models. Two BES models were compared, one with highly detailed schedules of occupancy, electricity use, and airing, and one using standardized input data of occupant behavior. The largest differences between the models could be seen in energy losses due to airing and in household electricity use, where the one with standardized user input data had a higher amount of electricity use and less losses due to airing of 39% and 99%, respectively. Time diaries and interviews, together with logged measurements, can be great tools to detect behavior that affects energy use in buildings. They can also be used to create detailed schedules and behavioral models, and to help develop standardized user input data for more types of buildings. This will help improve the accuracy of BES models so the energy efficiency gap can be reduced.

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“…Survey is the most common method used to investigate the opinions of the occupants (Isaksson & Karlsson, 2006). Other projects which have also used survey to investigate energy demand and indoor climate include Bluyssen et al, (2003); Dorizas et al, (2015); Holopainen et al, (2015); Isaksson & Karlsson, (2006);La Fleur et al, (2017);Rohdin et al, (2012) and Rohdin et al, (2014).…”

Section: Survey -"My Home Environment"mentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic approach for major renovation of residential buildings

Liu

2017

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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In Sweden, buildings are responsible for about 40 % of total energy use and about 10 % of total CO 2 emissions. Today more than 60 % of existing Swedish residential buildings are over 40 years old and are in need of major renovation. In addition, 15 % of all multi-family buildings and 27 % of all single-family houses were built before 1945. The increased energy use and threat from CO 2 emissions of the building sector create a need for energy efficiency. The important role that renovation of residential buildings will play in reducing the total energy used by the Swedish building sector as well as in reducing primary energy use and CO 2 emissions on both the national and global levels has been the impetus for the studies included in this thesis.The aim of the current research is to develop a methodology from a system perspective which can be used to analyze the energy use, optimal life cycle cost (LCC), energy efficiency measure (EEM) package, indoor environment, CO 2 emissions, and primary energy use of a building or a community during major renovation. The developed methodology accomplished at three different levels, i.e. building level, cluster level and district level. The methodology considers both energy efficiency and economic viability during building renovation and will also play an important role in overall urban planning. The studied buildings include both nonlisted and listed residential buildings and the tools used include building energy simulation (BES), survey, technical measurements, LCC optimization and building categorization.The results show that the combination of BES, technical measurements and surveys provides a holistic approach for evaluation of energy use and indoor environment of the studied residential buildings. The results from the current study also show that the 2020 energy target, i.e., reduction of energy use by 20 %, for the building sector can be achieved by all the studied building types and that the total LCC of these buildings are below the cost-optimal point. In comparison, the 2050 energy target, i.e., reduction of energy use by 50 %, for the building sector may be achieved by the non-listed buildings, but when the constraints relevant to listed buildings are added the cost-optimality changes as some EEMs in direct conflict with the building's heritage value may not be implemented.The investigation of primary energy use and CO 2 emissions by the residential buildings show that the higher the energy saving, the lower the primary energy use becomes, and vice versa. With the same energy saving, the heating system with higher primary energy factor results in higher primary energy use. From a CO 2 emissions point of view, EEM packages proposed to help buildings connected to a CHP based district heating system, to reduce the energy use or LCC are not consistently effective. Since these EEM packages will reduce district heating demand, the electricity produced in the CHP plant will also decrease. When the biomass is considered a limited resource, measures such as investm...

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Measured and predicted energy use and indoor climate before and after a major renovation of an apartment building in Sweden

Cited by 76 publications

References 33 publications

Building simulation: Ten challenges

Building simulation: Ten challenges

Integration of Measurements and Time Diaries as Complementary Measures to Improve Resolution of BES

A systematic approach for major renovation of residential buildings

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