Measles virus specific antibody in infants in a highly vaccinated society

Chui, Linda; Marusyk, R. G.; Pabst, Henry F.

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890330311

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Mother and cord blood antibody levels tend to be lower in vaccinated mothers than motheis who had natural measles [19][20][21]; consequently, in highly vaccinated populations, the age at which most infants become susceptible may often be closer to that in developing countries. Chui and colleagues [22] present data from a small study in Alberta, Canada, showing that after 6 months, 93 % of the children of vaccinated mothers were without detectable neutralizing antibody (NT titre < 10), which would also be consistent with results from the Kenyan study if the critical HI dilution titre is 8. Table 3.…”

Section: Decay Of Maternal Antibodymentioning

confidence: 55%

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Measles vaccination policy

Williams¹,

Cutts

Dye

1995

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYWhere immunization campaigns locally eliminate measles, it will be important to identify the vaccination policy most likely to prevent future epidemics. The optimum age for vaccination depends on the rate of decline of maternal antibody, because the presence of antibody reduces vaccine efficacy. The first part of this paper contains a quantitative reappraisal of the data on antibody decline and seroconversion rates by age. The decline in maternal antibody protection follows delayed exponentials, with delays of 2-4 months, and subsequent half-lives of 1-2 months. Using this result in an analytical mathematical model we find that the optimal age to administer a single dose of vaccine to children, which is independent of vaccine coverage, lies within the range 11-19 months. We also show that, where the optimal age cannot be met, it is better to err towards late rather than early vaccination. There are therefore two reasons why developing countries, which presently vaccinate during infancy because measles transmission rates are high should eventually switch to the second year of life. The possible gains from two-dose vaccination schedules are explored with respect to both coverage and efficacy. A two-dose schedule will be beneficial, in principle, only when there is a need to increase net vaccine efficacy, after coverage has been maximized with a one-dose schedule. INTRO1DUCTIONSubstantial efforts are being made to control measles by vaccination worldwide, and in some countries measles incidence has been reduced to levels that are close to elimination.

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Section: Decay Of Maternal Antibodymentioning

confidence: 55%

“…(20) The matrix V can be inverted analytically to obtain U = V-1. U is tridiagonal so that we may write and it is straightforward to show that bn_l an+l-an-l bn+l (22) (bnlan-an-l bn) (bn a -a b(2+2)) (25) from which it follows that k1_ l'Ul = E (ax + 2fis) (26) k2l1'Uz = E (aj Zi + fli(Zi + zj+ )) (27) z'U1 = (l'Uz)' = k2 (28) …”

Section: Appendix Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles vaccination policy

Williams¹,

Cutts

Dye

1995

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…[9][10][11][12] and infants born to vaccinated mothers acquire a lower level of measles antibody, which disappears at an earlier age, than infants born to mothers who have had natural measles infection . Therefore, children born to vaccinated mothers may be vulnerable to natural measles infection and be able to respond to measles vaccine at a younger age than infants of unvaccinated mothers [9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17]. In the future, as the proportion of mothers who have been vaccinated increases, it may be possible to reduce the recommended age of measles vaccine, for all or for selected groups of children [9,10,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of maternally derived measles antibody in infants born to naturally infected and vaccinated women

Brugha¹,

Ramsay²,

Forsey

et al. 1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYMaternal, cord and infant measles antibody levels were measured and compared in a group of 411 vaccinated mothers and 240 unvaccinated mothers, and their babies, between 1983 and 1991. Maternal and cord sera were tested by haemagglutination inhibition and/or enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and plaque reduction neutralization tests were also used to test infant sera. Geometric mean titres were significantly higher in the unvaccinated than in the vaccinated mothers (P < 0-001). Infants born to mothers with a history of measles had higher antibody levels at birth than infants of vaccinated mothers and, although the difference narrowed over time, continued to have higher levels up to 30 weeks of age. Between 5 and 7 months of age significantly more of the children of vaccinated mothers had plaque reduction neutralization antibody levels below that which would interfere with vaccination. As the boosting effect of circulating natural measles disappears, earlier measles vaccination may need to be considered, perhaps as part of a two-dose policy.

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“…Data indicate that measles antibody titers are lower in women vaccinated as children than in women who have previously had natural measles and that the offspring of vaccinated women lose transplacentally acquired measles antibodies before they are 1 year old [476,477]. It is predicted that routine vaccination against measles may be recommended at 12 months rather than 15 months.…”

Section: Active Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chickenpox, Measles, and Mumps

Gershon¹

2011

Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn

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Measles virus specific antibody in infants in a highly vaccinated society

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Measles vaccination policy

Measles vaccination policy

A study of maternally derived measles antibody in infants born to naturally infected and vaccinated women

Chickenpox, Measles, and Mumps

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