Means to increase the therapeutic efficiency of magnetic heating of tumors

Abstract

Abstract:The treatment of tumors via hyperthermia has gained increased attention in the last years. Among the different modalities available so far, magnetic hyperthermia has the particular advantage of offering the possibility of depositing the heating source directly into the tumor. In this study, we summarized the present knowledge we gained on how to improve the therapeutic efficiency of magnetic hyperthermia using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), with particular consideration of the intratumoral infiltration of the magnetic material. We found that (1) MNPs will be mainly immobilized at the tumor area and that this aspect has to be considered when estimating the heating potential of MNPs, (2) the intratumoral distribution patterns via slow infiltration might well be modulated by specific MNP coating and magnetic targeting, (3) imaging of the nanoparticle depositions within the tumor might allow to correct the distribution pattern via multiple applications, (4) multiple therapeutic sessions are feasible because MNPs are not delivered from the tumor site during the heating process, (5) the utilization of MNPs that internalize into cells will favor the production of intracellular heating spots rather than extracellular ones, (6) utilization of MNPs functionalized with chemotherapeutic agents will allow us to exploit the additive effects of both therapeutic modalities, and (7) distinct cytopathological and histopathological alterations in target tissues are induced as a result of magnetic hyperthermia. However, the accumulation at the tumor via intravenous application remains a matter of challenge.

Functionalized Hydrophilic Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Application in Liver Cancer Treatment

“… 18 The better heating efficiency of AFF-3 could be due to larger particle size and higher magnetic response of the SPIOs core to the applied AMFs via (i) enhanced π–π conjugation paths of the surface-attached 34DABA coating molecules due to the intrafunctional group attractions from their close structural orientation (refer Scheme 1 C(i)) (ii) improved anisotropy due to the formation of clusters/linear chains/loops of the SPIOs in the ferrofluids suspension due to the interfunctional group attractions (i.e., −NH 2 and −COOH groups, refer Scheme 1 C(ii)) and interparticle (i.e., particle–particle) interactions among different SPIOs (refer Scheme 1 C(iii)) and their parallel alignment to the applied AMF. 35 , 42 , 43 …”

Paclitaxel Magnetic Core–Shell Nanoparticles Based on Poly(lactic acid) Semitelechelic Novel Block Copolymers for Combined Hyperthermia and Chemotherapy Treatment of Cancer

“…Until now, several attempts have been made for passive and active targeting of anticancer drugs, including self-triggered drug release as a result of a signal specific at the site of treatment (such as presence of specific enzymes or pH changes at the target site) or by externally activated drug release from the carrier (such as the application of light, temperature, magnetic field, and ultrasound) [14,15,16]. Among them, nanoparticle devices designed for hyperthermia treatment seem to gain increased attention in recent years [17,18,19]. Specifically, hyperthermia induced cancer therapy refers to a small temperature rise (from 41 to 45 °C) which leads to cell death through the initiation of a series of pro-apoptotic and apoptotic signaling cascades [20].…”

In-situ particles reorientation during magnetic hyperthermia application: Shape matters twice

“…On one side it is worth to mention that the size of the synthesized particles falls within the range (200–400 nm) recalled as the suitable dimensions to ease its extravasation into the tumour37, size that has however been discarded as hyperthermia mediators based on their poorer heating efficiency3839. But those studies were based on spherical shape (either single-core or multicore) nanoparticles, and hence it becomes very important to check whether the elongated shape makes a difference.…”