Means of modifying metallic fuel in condensed systems

Ignition mechanism of nickel-coated aluminum particles

“…It has been proposed [1] to replace the Al powder in aluminized solid rocket propellants with Ni-coated Al particles to improve the combustion characteristics of Al. Such particles can be produced by a variety of methods (e.g., electroplating, electroless plating, and chemical vapor deposition), which provide uniform coatings and are relatively inexpensive.…”

Ignition, combustion, and agglomeration of encapsulated aluminum particles in a composite solid propellant. I. Theoretical study of the ignition and combustion of aluminum with fluorine-containing coatings

“…The coating can be produced by chemical deposition of a metal on a particle whose surface was previously freed from the oxide film [9,10]. This modification method was used in [11], where encapsulation of aluminum particles in nickel, iron, and copper led to an increase in the burning rate and agglomerate size reduction for an aluminized composite solid propellant.…”

Nitride Formation during Combustion of Ultrafine Aluminum Powders in Air. I. Effect of Additives

“…Shevchenko et al [4][5][6] studied the oxidation of powders of aluminum alloys with rare-earth metals; the latter promote embrittlement of the oxide shell on the aluminum particles. Breiter et al [3] investigated the combustion of aluminum particles encapsulated in films of refractory metals (nickel, copper, and iron). These additives to the fuel composition reduce particle agglomeration during combustion, increase the combustion completeness and the maximum temperature of the flame [3].…”

“…Breiter et al [3] investigated the combustion of aluminum particles encapsulated in films of refractory metals (nickel, copper, and iron). These additives to the fuel composition reduce particle agglomeration during combustion, increase the combustion completeness and the maximum temperature of the flame [3]. In [8], ASD-4 powder was modified by fluorine-containing polymer films and the combustion of aerosols of this powder was studied.…”

“…The effect of additives on the combustion of coarse aluminum powders in air has been the subject of extensive research [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Pokhil et al [1] studied the kinetic and thermal characteristics of combustion of Al-Mg alloy particles in air and found that the end combustion products contain a significant amount of Al 2 MgO 4 spinel in addition to ordinary oxides.…”