Meaning making coping, making sense, and post-traumatic growth following the 9/11 terrorist attacks

Predictors of Posttraumatic Growth and Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Severity in Undergraduates Reporting Potentially Traumatic Events

“…However, for individuals who had not yet made sense of the trauma, and as attachment theory would suggest (Mikulincer et al., ; Ogle et al., ), increasing levels of attachment anxiety were associated with higher PTS symptom levels. Thus, our findings corroborate aspects of Park's (2010) model and other research (e.g., Davis & Novoa, ; Park et al., ; see Park for review), suggesting that processing, or making sense of a traumatic event, is associated with lower levels of distress and add to the literature that meaning made may lessen the potentially negative effect of attachment anxiety on PTS symptom severity.…”

Autoethnography and cognitive adaptation: two powerful buffers against the negative consequences of workplace bullying and academic mobbing

“…Park, Riley, and Snyder (2012) and Joseph and Linley (2005) noted that traumatic events disrupt global meaning systems, and meaning-making coping helps to restore congruency between global meaning and appraisals of traumatic events by reducing the discrepancy between individual's appraised meanings and global beliefs and goals. Having noted this, meaning making refers to the processes in which people engage to reduce the discrepancy between appraised meaning and global beliefs and goals (Park, 2010; Park et al, 2012). …”

“…Meaning making appears particularly important in confronting highly stressful life experiences (Frankl, 1959; Park, 2010; Park et al, 2012; Taylor, 1983), as having a purpose and meaning in life are important in one’s chances of survival (Vanhooren et al, 2016). Others have noted that what matters, therefore, is not the meaning of life in general but rather the specific meaning of a person’s life at a given moment (Frankl, 1959, 1962; Machell, Kashdan, Short, & Nezlek, 2015).…”

Responding to Race Related Trauma: Counseling and Research Recommendations to Promote Post-Traumatic Growth when Counseling African American Males

“…One limitation is that Post-Traumatic Growth is often associated with higher levels of education and resiliency, and although PTG may be a protective factor from PTSD symptomology (Linley & Joseph, 2004;Park et al, 2012;Salo, Quota & Punamaki, 2005), these insulating factors may not be available to all clients. Since there are some significant socio-demographic factors that negatively impact a large majority of the African American male population (e.g., increased risk of incarceration, higher rates of poverty and decreased educational opportunities), some of the protective factors associated with PTG may not apply to all African American male clients.…”