Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width as Markers of Vascular Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Aims The objective of the study was to determine the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) compared to subjects without type 2 DM and their correlation with fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and duration of type 2 DM respectively. Materials and methods A prospective analytical case—control study was conducted involving 50 subjects with type 2 DM and 50 subjects without type 2 DM. The mean and standard deviation were estimated for both the groups separately and independent Student's “t”-test was used for evaluating the significant difference. The statistical evaluation was carried out at 95% confidence level. Results Mean MPV and PDW in case group was significantly higher compared to control group (p < 0.005). Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and duration of type 2 DM did not significantly alter MPV or PDW. Conclusion The study concludes that MPV and PDW are significantly increased in patients with type 2 DM compared to patients without type 2 DM. Platelet volume indices are an important, simple, and cost-effective tool that should be used and explored extensively, especially in countries, such as India, for predicting the possibility of impending acute vascular events in patients with type 2 DM. Clinical significance This analytical method helps us to use MPV and PDW as early markers of vascular thrombosis. How to cite this article Bhanukumar M, Ramaswamy PKH, Peddi NK, Menon VB. Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width as Markers of Vascular Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):127-131.

The Study of Platelet Parameters- Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…They cannot be considered as a substitute for HbA1c, but in situations of financial constraints , they can be used as biomarkers for early detection of impending complication. [3,5,7,9,10,11,12,13] The results of our study prove that PDW is a more specific indicator to monitor patients with diabetes mellitus, This is in agreement with studies carried out by Vagdatli et al, Rechcnski et al, Jindal et al and Yilmaz et al [18,19,20,21]…”

“…Our findings are comparable with the other studies. [3,4,5,11,13] Significant positive correlation was found between fasting blood sugar and PDW. [9,10,13] Kamilla et al observed a positive correlation between fasting blood sugar and PDW in diabetic patients, but Pearson correlation was not significant in controls.…”

“…These differences were found to be statistically significant. [3,4,5,10,11,13] Buch A et al observed statistically significant difference in PDW between diabetics with complications, diabetics without complications and nondiabetic groups (p<0.0001). PDW was statistically increased in diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy.…”

“…[9] A significant increase in the mean MPV is seen in cases than in controls in most of the available literature. [3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13] The relation between MPV and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was first reported by Sharpe and Trinick who found a significant increase of MPV in diabetic compared with non diabetic patients. [8] In a study done by Akinbami A et al, MPV was lower in diabetics than in non diabetic controls.…”

“…Platelet parameters like Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) are related to platelet size, enzymatic activity and prothrombotic potential. [5,6,7] These parameters can be obtained by routine hemograms done using automated haematology analyzers at a relatively low cost.…”