Mean-field description of high-spin states

Satuła, W.; Wyss, R.

doi:10.1088/0034-4885/68/1/r03

Cited by 66 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 598 publications

(798 reference statements)

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“…For the other phenomena listed above, the timeodd terms provide a correction to the dominant time-even terms that might become substantial in some cases. One such observable are the moments of inertia at high spin in superdeformed (SD) rotational bands of heavy nuclei [44][45][46]. These will be the object of our study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tensor part of the Skyrme energy density functional. III. Time-odd terms at high spin

2012

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This article extends previous studies on the effect of tensor terms in the Skyrme energy density functional by breaking of time-reversal invariance. We have systematically probed the impact of tensor terms on properties of superdeformed rotational bands calculated within the cranked HartreeFock-Bogoliubov approach for different parameterizations covering a wide range of values for the isoscalar and isovector tensor coupling constants. We analyze in detail the contribution of the tensor terms to the energies and dynamical moments of inertia and study their impact on quasi-particle spectra. Special attention is devoted to the time-odd tensor terms, the effect of variations of their coupling constants and finite-size instabilities.

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confidence: 99%

Tensor part of the Skyrme energy density functional. III. Time-odd terms at high spin

2012

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“…For this purpose, the fermionic wave function is written as a sum of components with determined the number of particle pairs: 12) where M is the maximum angular momentum realized by the set of N p pairs of particles.…”

Section: B Spherical Projected States From a Deformed Bcs Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, from the expression of the magnetic moment 11) one easily derive the following expression for g J : 12) where g c and g f denote the gyromagnetic factor of the core and fermionic system. For the core we consider 13) with Z c and A c denoting the charge and atomic number characterizing the core.…”

Section: Band Hybridization Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semimicroscopic description of backbending phenomena in some deformed even-even nuclei

Râduţâ¹,

Budaca²

2011

Phys. Rev. C

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The mechanism of backbending is semi-phenomenologically investigated based on the hybridization of two rotational bands. These bands are defined by treating a model Hamiltonian describing two interacting subsystems: a set of particles moving in a deformed mean-field and interacting among themselves through an effective pairing force and a phenomenological deformed core whose intrinsic ground state is an axially symmetric coherent boson state. The two components interact with each other by a quadrupole-quadrupole and a spin-spin interaction. The total Hamiltonian is considered in the space of states with good angular momentum, projected from a quadrupole deformed product function. The single-particle factor function defines the nature of the rotational bands, one corresponding to the ground band in which all particles are paired and another one built upon a i 13/2 neutron broken pair. The formalism is applied to six deformed even-even nuclei, known as being good backbenders. Agreement between theory and experiment is fairly good.

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“…Theorists Wojciech Satula (University of Warsaw) and Ramon Wyss (Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm) have reviewed the considerable recent progress in the understanding of high-spin nuclear excitations. 18 For the experimental progress of nuclear physics, isomers are excellent tools for accessing species far from the valley of stability, particularly for the study of neutron-rich heavy nuclides, and even superheavy nuclides. …”

Section: Inducing Premature Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ups and Downs of Nuclear Isomers

Walker¹,

Carroll²

2005

Physics Today

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W hat could one do with a clean source of nuclear energy? That tantalizing question reflects a dream that some have hoped to realize by exploiting the energy-storage capabilities of nuclear isomers. But the hope hinges on facets of nuclear behavior that remain unknown despite decades of study. Electromagnetic transitions and b decay, the basic mechanisms that largely determine isomer halflives, are well understood. In many cases, however, it is still not possible to predict half-lives even to within an order of magnitude.Today's isomer research seeks a better understanding of the degrees of freedom that will reveal new aspects of nuclear structure and lead the way to new applications. In this article, we lay out the essential ingredients of nuclear isomerism and take a look at future possibilities. Metastable excited statesThe term "isomer" is borrowed from chemistry, where it refers to molecules that have different geometrical configurations of the same collection of atoms. Isomeric nuclei, as distinguished from isotopes, are different states of the same numbers of protons and neutrons. Whereas chemical isomers have energy states that are similar, sometimes identical, to each other, nuclear isomers always have different energies. Excitation energies can be as high as several MeV.An interesting example of a nuclear isomer is 99m Tc, an excited state of technetium-99. The "m" after the mass number denotes a metastable state-that is, a long-lived isomer. The half-life of 99m Tc is six hours and its excitation energy above the nuclear ground state of 99 Tc is 143 keV. By contrast, typical half-lives of excited nuclear states are about a picosecond. Isomers live at least a thousand times longer. The appellation is usually reserved for excited nuclear states that live longer than a nanosecond. The superscript "m" is even more restrictive; it's reserved for isomers with half-lives of more than a millisecond. If a nuclear species has more than one metastable isomer, an ordinal number after the "m" distinguishes between them in ascending order of excitation energy.Perhaps the most widely known nuclear isomer is the long-lived hafnium excitation 178m2 Hf. With a half-life of 31 years, it sits 2.4 MeV above the stable 178 Hf ground state. The exceptional combination of high excitation energy and conveniently long halflife has led to claims for practical applications that have lent the hafnium isomer unusual visibility (see PHYSICS TODAY, May 2004, page 21).Nature's sole example of an isomer long-lived enough to be called stable is 180m Ta. This tantalum isomer's half-life exceeds 10 15 years. One can only quote a lower lifetime limit, because the isomer's spontaneous decay has never been observed. But the isomer sits 77 keV above a ground state that is itself unstable, with a b-decay halflife of only eight hours.Isomers can lose their excess energy by the usual radioactive decay modes: a, b, or g. The favored mode in any particular case depends on the energies and quantum numbers of the states involved. Decay by neutron o...

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Mean-field description of high-spin states

Cited by 66 publications

References 598 publications

Tensor part of the Skyrme energy density functional. III. Time-odd terms at high spin

Tensor part of the Skyrme energy density functional. III. Time-odd terms at high spin

Semimicroscopic description of backbending phenomena in some deformed even-even nuclei

Ups and Downs of Nuclear Isomers

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