Mean and variable forcing of the middle atmosphere by gravity waves

Fritts, David C.; Vadas, Sharon L.; Wan, Kai; Werne, J.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2005.04.010

Cited by 156 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(192 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

116

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Gravity wave breaking effects in the MLT region (80-100 km) have been extensively studied (Fritts et al, 2006). From the O 2 and OH airglow observation, gravity wave growth and dissipation were first studied by Noxon (1978), and later by Reisin and Scheer (1996).…”

Section: Wave Damping Effect In the O 2 And Oh Emission Intensity Varmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric wave induced O2 and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. From nocturnal variations of the airglow O 2 (0-1) and OH Meinel (6-2) band emission intensity and the rotational temperature, gravity waves and the damping effect in the MLT region were investigated. The data set was obtained from photometer measurements at Rikubetsu (43.5 • N, 143.8 • E), Japan, from March 2004 to August 2005. The ratio of the amplitude of oscillation and their phase difference between the two emissions were calculated when simultaneous periodic variations were observed. The ratio showed a linear correlation with the phase difference. The vertical wavelength and damping rate were estimated by using a model calculation carried out by previous works. The results show that the wave damping is significant when the vertical wavelength is shorter than 30-40 km. Krassovsky's parameter η, which represents a ratio between the emission intensity and temperature oscillations, was also calculated. The results show that the η also depends on the damping effect.

show abstract

Section: Wave Damping Effect In the O 2 And Oh Emission Intensity Varmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric wave induced O2 and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…GW amplitude increases accompanying propagation to high altitudes lead to a range of instability dynamics, turbulence, and effects in the MLT where kinematic viscosity and thermal diffusivity are not sufficient to prevent such dynamics (see Fritts and Alexander, 2003;Fritts et al, 2002Fritts et al, , 2006. Importantly, the dynamics of wave breaking and local body forcing (due to local GW momentum flux convergence) are themselves a potentially significant source of additional GWs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity wave penetration into the thermosphere: sensitivity to solar cycle variations and mean winds

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We previously considered various aspects of gravity wave penetration and effects at mesospheric and thermospheric altitudes, including propagation, viscous effects on wave structure, characteristics, and damping, local body forcing, responses to solar cycle temperature variations, and filtering by mean winds. Several of these efforts focused on gravity waves arising from deep convection or in situ body forcing accompanying wave dissipation. Here we generalize these results to a broad range of gravity wave phase speeds, spatial scales, and intrinsic frequencies in order to address all of the major gravity wave sources in the lower atmosphere potentially impacting the thermosphere. We show how penetration altitudes depend on gravity wave phase speed, horizontal and vertical wavelengths, and observed frequencies for a range of thermospheric temperatures spanning realistic solar conditions and winds spanning reasonable mean and tidal amplitudes. Our results emphasize that independent of gravity wave source, thermospheric temperature, and filtering conditions, those gravity waves that penetrate to the highest altitudes have increasing vertical wavelengths and decreasing intrinsic frequencies with increasing altitude. The spatial scales at the highest altitudes at which gravity wave perturbations are observed are inevitably horizontal wavelengths of ∼150 to 1000 km and vertical wavelengths of ∼150 to 500 km or more, with the larger horizontal scales only becoming important for the stronger Doppler-shifting conditions. Observed and intrinsic periods are typically ∼10 to 60 min and ∼10 to 30 min, respectively, with the intrinsic periods shorter at the highest altitudes because of preferential penetration of GWs that are up-shifted in frequency by thermospheric winds.

show abstract

“…They propagate upwards and play an important role in the lower and upper atmosphere coupling processes (Murthy, 1998). During their propagation, they interact with the mean winds and other wave modes, which lead them to deposit heat and momentum in the ambient and to modify the dynamical conditions at those altitudes (Fritts et al, 2006). Further, at mesospheric altitudes the amplitudes of these waves become several times larger than that at the lower atmosphere in order to conserve energy (ρv 2 /2=constant).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of simultaneous measurements of OH and O2 emissions to investigate wave growth and dissipation

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Simultaneous measurements of mesospheric OH (6-2) Meinel and O 2 (0-1) Atmospheric band emissions from a low-latitude station, Maui, Hawaii (20.8 • N, 156.2 • W) are utilized to study the wave characteristics and associated processes. Deduced temperatures show large variability in both OH and O 2 data. The seasonal variability in the temperature shows a well-defined, semiannual type of oscillation, which are comparable to the ground-based rocket sounding data. The "Wave Growth Factor", a ratio of normalized perturbation amplitude in O 2 to the OH temperature variability, is estimated for principal as well as residual smaller period components of the nocturnal variability. It is noticed that smaller period waves (less than 12 h) occasionally have large growth factors of about 3-4 during equinox transitions, an indication of wave amplitude amplification within the 87-94 km altitudes while a strong wavedissipation occurs throughout the year.Keywords. Ionosphere (Equatorial ionosphere) -Atmospheric composition and structure (Airglow and aurora) -Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (Middle atmosphere dynamics)

show abstract

Mean and variable forcing of the middle atmosphere by gravity waves

Cited by 156 publications

References 138 publications

Atmospheric wave induced O<sub>2</sub> and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

Atmospheric wave induced O<sub>2</sub> and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

Gravity wave penetration into the thermosphere: sensitivity to solar cycle variations and mean winds

On the use of simultaneous measurements of OH and O<sub>2</sub> emissions to investigate wave growth and dissipation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Mean and variable forcing of the middle atmosphere by gravity waves

Cited by 156 publications

References 138 publications

Atmospheric wave induced O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

Atmospheric wave induced O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

Gravity wave penetration into the thermosphere: sensitivity to solar cycle variations and mean winds

On the use of simultaneous measurements of OH and O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions to investigate wave growth and dissipation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Atmospheric wave induced O<sub>2</sub> and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

Atmospheric wave induced O<sub>2</sub> and OH airglow intensity variations: effect of vertical wavelength and damping

On the use of simultaneous measurements of OH and O<sub>2</sub> emissions to investigate wave growth and dissipation