MEA for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell with alkali doped PBI membrane and non-platinum electrodes

Модестов, А. Д.; Tarasevich, M. R.; Leykin, A. Yu.; Filimonov, V. Ya.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.11.118

Cited by 99 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Modestov et al reported a direct ethanol fuel cell using alkali doped PBI-membrane with Pt-free catalysts, namely 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphine cobalt(II) supported on Vulcan XC72 carbon for the cathode and RuV alloy supported on Vulcan XC72 for the anode. They achieved a maximum power density of 125 mW cm −2 [118]. These reports suggest a possibility to develop high temperature DAAFC which could significantly improve the reaction activity on alcohol oxidation.…”

Section: Cation Exchange Membranesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Principles and Materials Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells

2010

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Direct alkaline alcohol fuel cells (DAAFCs) have attracted increasing interest over the past decade because of their favourable reaction kinetics in alkaline media, higher energy densities achievable and the easy handling of the liquid fuels. In this review, principles and mechanisms of DAAFCs in alcohol oxidation and oxygen reduction are discussed. Despite the high energy densities available during the oxidation of polycarbon alcohols they are difficult to oxidise. Apart from methanol, the complete oxidation of other polycarbon alcohols to CO 2 has not been achieved with current catalysts. Different types of catalysts, from conventional precious metal catalyst of Pt and Pt alloys to other lower cost Pd, Au and Ag metal catalysts are compared. Non precious metal catalysts, and lanthanum, strontium oxides and perovskite-type oxides are also discussed. Membranes like the ones used as polymer electrolytes and developed for DAAFCs are reviewed. Unlike conventional proton exchange membrane fuel cells, anion exchange membranes are used in present DAAFCs. Fuel cell performance with DAAFCs using different alcohols, catalysts and membranes, as well as operating parameters are summarised. In order to improve the power output of the DAAFCs, further developments in catalysts, membrane materials and fuel cell systems are essential. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2010, 3 1500

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Section: Cation Exchange Membranesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Principles and Materials Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells

2010

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“…6.10. Hou et al [222][223][224] have prepared AEM by doping of PBI with KOH and tested the membranes in a direct methanol single cell, while the permeability of ethanol through PBI has been studied [225], as well as the performance of DEFC using PBI [226,227]. Nafion membranes, modified by dipping in concentrated NaOH or KOH solution, were used in alkaline DEFC [228,229].…”

Section: Anion Exchange Membranes For Alkaline Dafcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of AEM in DEFC, reported in Table 6.11, is quite high for non-commercial membranes such as alkali-doped PBI [222,226], and crosslinked PVA with layered Mg-Al hydroxide [237]. MPD up to 125 mW.cm À2 were obtained at 80 C in active cells using Ru-V anodic catalyst [226], but around the half of power is delivered with Pt-Ru catalyst [222].…”

Section: Quaternized Impregnated and Alkali-doped Anion Exchange Memmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MPD up to 125 mW.cm À2 were obtained at 80 C in active cells using Ru-V anodic catalyst [226], but around the half of power is delivered with Pt-Ru catalyst [222]. With commercial A-006 Tokuyama membranes, Bianchini and coworkers have reported MPD up to 160-165 mW.cm À2 at 80 C in active cells using Pd as anodic catalyst [249,251] and methanol 10 % with 2 M KOH.…”

Section: Quaternized Impregnated and Alkali-doped Anion Exchange Memmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Corti

2013

Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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This chapter is devoted to summarize and discuss the main properties of ionomeric membranes used in direct alcohol PEM fuel cells. Although Nafion is the proton exchange membrane commonly used in methanol and other direct alcohol fuel cells, other proton and alkaline membranes are being investigated in order to improve the efficiency of DAFC. The goals in the development of this critical component of DAFC are: low cost, long durability, low alcohol permeability and high electrical conductivity. The last two properties can be combined in a single parameter, the membrane selectivity that accounts for the ratio between the proton and alcohol transport through the membrane. This parameter can be compared to that measured for Nafion to define a relative selectivity, which is a primary parameter to evaluate the potentiality of a ionomer material to be used in alcohol feed fuel cells.The vast catalogue of polymeric materials reviewed here included Nafion composite with inorganic and organic fillers, and non-fluorinated proton conducting membranes such as sulfonated polyimides, poly(arylene ether)s, polysulfones, poly (vinyl alcohol), polystyrenes, and acid-doped polybenzimidazoles. Anionexchange membranes are also discussed because of the facile electro-oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media and because of the minimization of alcohol crossover in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.The performance of different types of membranes in direct alcohol fuel cells, mainly methanol, are summarized and discussed in order to identify the most promissory ones. The lack of correlation between the relative selectivity and fuel cell performance of the membranes indicates that the architecture of the three

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“…There are several general synthetic methodologies for the preparation of AAEMs [37][38]. The easiest is using inert polymers doped with concentrated aqueous KOH: Polybenzimidazole (PBI) [39][40][41][42][43], poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [44], composite polymers such as PVA/hydroxyapatite (PVA/HAP) [45], quaternized-PVA/alumina (QPVA/Al 2 O 3 ) [46], PVA/titanium oxide (PVA/TiO 2 ) [47][48], chitosan and cross-linked chitosan [49][50][51], copolymers of epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide [52], and cross-linked PVA/sulfosuccinic acid (10 wt.% SSA) [53] have all been doped with KOH and used as AAEMs. The invention US5569559 [54] describes the use of polar polymers (most preferred being polyethylene oxide) doped with alkaline metal hydroxides (such as KOH), alkaline-earth metal hydroxides or ammonium hydroxides such as tetrabutylammonium hydroxide.…”

Section: Preparation Of Alkaline Anion-exchange Membranes (Aaem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells- A Patent Review

Zeng¹,

Varcoe²

2011

CHENG

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Abstract:Recently, Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (APEMFCs) have been attracting worldwide attention mainly due to the prospect of using non-platinum-group metal catalysts.In addition, there is growing evidence that these fuel cells can operate with the presence of carbonate.This mini review will introduce the state-of-the-art in understanding of alkaline anion-exchange membranes (AAEMs) in solid alkaline fuel cells. Ionomers for membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication and the chemistry of the carbonate and bicarbonate forms of the AAEMs are also discussed.Key references to the latest scientific literature and reviews are included, along with a brief overview of directly relevant patents.Keywords: Alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, alkaline anion exchange membrane, alkaline ionomer, hybrid membrane fuel cell, carbonate and bicarbonate.

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MEA for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell with alkali doped PBI membrane and non-platinum electrodes

Cited by 99 publications

References 25 publications

Principles and Materials Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells

Principles and Materials Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells- A Patent Review

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