MCP-1 Predicts Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Persistent Inflammation

Abstract

Clinical data indicate that patients with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels higher than 2 mg per liter suffer from persistent inflammation, which is associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We determined whether a panel of biomarkers associated with CVD could predict recurrent events in patients with low or persistent inflammation and coronary artery disease (CAD). We followed 917 patients with CAD (median 4.59 ± 2.39 years), assessing CRP, galectin-3, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), N-terminal fragment of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and troponin-I plasma levels. The primary outcome was the combination of cardiovascular events (acute coronary syndrome, stroke or transient ischemic event, heart failure or death). Patients with persistent inflammation (n = 343) showed higher NT-proBNP and MCP-1 plasma levels compared to patients with CRP < 2 mg/L. Neither MCP-1 nor NT-proBNP was associated with primary outcome in patients with CRP < 2 mg/L. However, NT-proBNP and MCP-1 plasma levels were associated with increased risk of the primary outcome in patients with persistent inflammation. When patients were divided by type of event, MCP-1 was associated with an increased risk of acute ischemic events. A significant interaction between MCP-1 and persistent inflammation was found (synergy index: 6.17 (4.39–7.95)). In conclusion, MCP-1 plasma concentration is associated with recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with persistent inflammation.

Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Events by Exploration of Molecular Data with Explainable Artificial Intelligence

“…Therefore, since both environment and genetics influence the levels of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites, molecular data encode their combined effect on the state of a cell. Analysis of these data facilitates exposure of new aspects, including the underlying disease mechanism, and may allow for identification of new predictive biomarkers [ 56 , 86 , 87 ]. High levels of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), for example, are associated with a higher 10-year risk for recurrent MI or death in CAD and ACS patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [ 56 ].…”

“…Here, the authors further integrated differentially expressed genes with genotyping information and published GWAS loci, yielding numerous functional candidate genes relevant to cardiac phenotypes. Integrative approaches, where the molecular data are combined with clinical data for diagnostic or prognostic purposes, have shown especially promising results in the past [ 56 , 86 , 87 ]. In the following paragraphs, we will describe how disease-specific biomarkers can be derived from patient-level (multi-)omics data.…”

“…High levels of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), for example, are associated with a higher 10-year risk for recurrent MI or death in CAD and ACS patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [56]. Moreover, increased levels of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) have been suggested to increase the risk of recurrent events in patients with CAD [87,88]. Hence, functional multi-omics data may provide important information that might be lacking in clinical risk factors and genotype data.…”

Cellular Crosstalk between Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells in Vascular Wall Remodeling

“…Proteomic studies in human tissue, conditional medium, or serum of patients with vascular remodeling (atherosclerosis, AAA etc.) have revealed a huge battery of potential diagnostic markers and are good approaches to screening for therapeutic targets [ 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 ]. Furthermore, in human plasma, human EVs plasma levels are increased in individuals with higher risk of cardiovascular events such as hypertension [ 162 ].…”

Рівні Моноцитарного Хемоатрактантного Протеїну-1 У Хворих На Цукровий Діабет 2 Типу У Поєднанні З Ішемічною Хворобою Серця

“…В клінічних дослідженнях продемонстровано зв'язок вищих рівнів МХП-1 з ризиком ІМ та смерті від ІХС, з вищою довгостроковою серцево-судинною смертністю осіб без явних серцево-судинних захворювань [13,14]. У хворих на ІХС з документованим ураженням коронарних артерій виявлено підвищені рівні МХП-1 та встановлено його прогностичне значення щодо розвитку повторних серцево-судинних по дій [15,16]. Відповідно до результатів останніх метааналізів рівні МХП-1 підвищуються у хворих на ЦД, а у пацієнтів з переддіабетом змін концентрацій цього хемокіну не виявлено [12,17].…”