MCP-1 Parallels Inflammatory and Regenerative Responses in Ischemic Muscle

Shireman, Paula K.; Contreras-Shannon, Verónica; Reyna, Sara M.; Robinson, Susan C.; McManus, Linda M.

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2005.12.003

Cited by 55 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Mice were killed at baseline (no injections) and at various time points following CT and NS injections (days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21, n ϭ 4/time point), and AC muscles of the hindlimb were removed en bloc, weighed, and immediately used to prepare tissue lysates as previously described (34).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protein in tissue lysates was determined by the Pierce BCA protein assay (Pierce Biotechnology, Rockford, IL), using a microtiter plate format; BSA from ICN Biomedicals (Costa Mesa, CA) in lysate buffer was used as the standard, as previously described (34). Absorption in all microtiter plate assays was monitored in a SpectraMax Plus plate reader (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA), and results were analyzed with SOFTmax PRO software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absorption in all microtiter plate assays was monitored in a SpectraMax Plus plate reader (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA), and results were analyzed with SOFTmax PRO software. Reaction rates for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined as previously described (34). LDH activity was normalized to milligram of protein measured in each lysates and expressed as units per milligram protein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standards and unknowns were diluted in lysate buffer and adjusted for the amount of protein in the tissue lysates, and results are expressed as picogram per milligram protein, as previously described (34). The dynamic range was 78 -1,000 and 7.8 -500 pg/ml for MCP-1 and VEGF, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hindlimb tissues were collected en bloc from the AC and placed in 10% NBF for routine paraffin embedding or snap-frozen in liquid nitrogencooled isopentane; OCT Embedding Media (Tissue-Tek, Torrance, CA) were used to attach the muscle to cork during freezing. Routine, indirect immunohistochemical procedures were used for the localization of monocytes/macrophages (F4/80; Serotec, Raleigh, NC), as previously described (34).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delayed angiogenesis and VEGF production in CCR2−/− mice during impaired skeletal muscle regeneration

Ochoa

Sun

Reyna³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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141

157

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The regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and angiogenic events during skeletal muscle regeneration remains largely unknown. This study examined angiogenesis, VEGF levels, and muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin (CT)-induced injury in mice lacking the CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2). Muscle regeneration was significantly decreased in CCR2−/− mice as was the early accumulation of macrophages after injury. In both mouse strains, tissue VEGF was similar at baseline (no injections) and significantly decreased at day 3 post-CT. Tissue VEGF in wild-type (WT) mice was restored within 7 days postinjury but remained significantly reduced in CCR2−/− mice until day 21. Capillary density (capillaries/mm2) within regenerating muscle was maximal in WT mice at day 7 and double that of baseline muscle. In comparison, maximal capillary density in CCR2−/− mice occurred at 21 days postinjury. Maximal capillary density developed concurrent with the restoration of tissue VEGF in both strains. A highly significant, inverse relationship existed between the size of regenerated muscle fibers and capillaries per square millimeter. Although this relationship was comparable in WT and CCR2−/− animals, there was a significant decrease in the magnitude of this response in the absence of CCR2, reflecting the observation that regenerated muscle fiber size in CCR2−/− mice was only 50% of baseline at 42 days postinjury, whereas WT mice had attained baseline fiber size by day 21. Thus CCR2-dependent events in injured skeletal muscle, including impaired macrophage recruitment, contribute to restoration of tissue VEGF levels and the dynamic processes of capillary formation and muscle regeneration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Delayed angiogenesis and VEGF production in CCR2−/− mice during impaired skeletal muscle regeneration

Ochoa

Sun

Reyna³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

Self Cite

141

157

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NF‐KB activity functions in primary pericytes in a cell‐ and non‐cell‐autonomous manner to affect myotube formation

2013

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Endorsement of Macrophage Polarization

Sicco

Reverberi

Balbi

et al. 2017

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

422

359

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are effective therapeutic agents enhancing the repair of injured tissues mostly through their paracrine activity. Increasing evidences show that besides the secretion of soluble molecules, the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) represents an alternative mechanism adopted by MSCs. Since macrophages are essential contributors toward the resolution of inflammation, which has emerged as a finely orchestrated process, the aim of the present study was to carry out a detailed characterization of EVs released by human adipose derived‐MSCs to investigate their involvement as modulators of MSC anti‐inflammatory effects inducing macrophage polarization. The EV‐isolation method was based on repeated ultracentrifugations of the medium conditioned by MSC exposed to normoxic or hypoxic conditions (EVNormo and EVHypo). Both types of EVs were efficiently internalized by responding bone marrow‐derived macrophages, eliciting their switch from a M1 to a M2 phenotype. In vivo, following cardiotoxin‐induced skeletal muscle damage, EVNormo and EVHypo interacted with macrophages recruited during the initial inflammatory response. In injured and EV‐treated muscles, a downregulation of IL6 and the early marker of innate and classical activation Nos2 were concurrent to a significant upregulation of Arg1 and Ym1, late markers of alternative activation, as well as an increased percentage of infiltrating CD206pos cells. These effects, accompanied by an accelerated expression of the myogenic markers Pax7, MyoD, and eMyhc, were even greater following EVHypo administration. Collectively, these data indicate that MSC‐EVs possess effective anti‐inflammatory properties, making them potential therapeutic agents more handy and safe than MSCs. stem cells translational medicine 2017 Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1018–1028

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MCP-1 Parallels Inflammatory and Regenerative Responses in Ischemic Muscle

Cited by 55 publications

References 74 publications

Delayed angiogenesis and VEGF production in CCR2−/− mice during impaired skeletal muscle regeneration

Delayed angiogenesis and VEGF production in CCR2−/− mice during impaired skeletal muscle regeneration

NF‐KB activity functions in primary pericytes in a cell‐ and non‐cell‐autonomous manner to affect myotube formation

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Endorsement of Macrophage Polarization

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