MCH-R1 antagonists based on an arginine scaffold: SAR studies on the amino-terminus

Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective 2-Carbethoxyethylation of 1H– Indoles By C-H Activation: One-Step Synthesis of Ethyl 2-(1H-Indol-2-Yl) Acetates

“…Given the possibility that excessive water in the solvent might hydrolyse the arylpalladium(II) species formed in the first oxidative addition step and lower the solubility of the intermediates, resulting in a cessation of the catalytic cycle and undesired conversion rate, we switched the solvent back to DMF with 0.5M H 2 O. Finally, a brief screen of bases showed an interesting correlation between the alkalinity of the base and the yield of the 2,3-disubstitued-indole byproduct 2 ( Table 1, [11][12][13][14][15]. Specifically, the yields of the 2,3-disubstitued-indole products increased significantly as the alkalinity of the base increased, with NaHCO 3 affording the target products in desirable yields.…”

“…Among them, 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)acetic acids constitute a valuable class of building blocks for natural product and natural product analogue syntheses ( Figure 1) [4][5][6][7], combinatorial [8], diversity-oriented syntheses [9,10], and medicinal chemistry [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In addition, they can serve as highly attractive precursors for various chemical transformations, such as diazomethylation to 1-diazo-3-(2-indolyl)-2-propanone [19] and reduction to 2-(2-hydroxyethyl) indole [20].…”

Melanins as Sustainable Resources for Advanced Biotechnological Applications

“…Bioinformatic studies have been used to examine functional and structural genomics (genetics, [ 551,552 ] gene expression of tyrosinase‐induced melanogenesis, [ 553 ] albinism‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms reported in oculocutaneous albinism, [ 554–557 ] identification of potential inhibitors against Rab38 and melanoma cancer [ 558 ] ), proteomics (protein conformations and interactions (e.g., melanin‐concentrating hormone; [ 559–564 ] melanin‐concentrating hormone receptors [ 563,565–567 ] and their antagonists; [ 563,566,568–570 ] structure–function relationships of tyrosinase mutants, [ 571–574 ] substances that inhibit tyrosinase activity; [ 550,575–599 ] the role of melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) in skin tanning with potential to resolve pigmentary disorders, [ 600 ] physiology, [ 601–605 ] and pathology. [ 94,606–608 ] Such studies can offer insight into intermolecular interactions with melanins, [ 609–611 ] drug pharmacokinetics, [ 94,612–614 ] and antibody targeting for anticancer treatments.…”