May Artificial Intelligence Influence Future Pediatric Research?—The Case of ChatGPT

Abstract

Background: In recent months, there has been growing interest in the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionize various aspects of medicine, including research, education, and clinical practice. ChatGPT represents a leading AI language model, with possible unpredictable effects on the quality of future medical research, including clinical decision-making, medical education, drug development, and better research outcomes. Aim and Methods: In this interview with ChatGPT, we explore the potential impact of AI on future pediatric research. Our discussion covers a range of topics, including the potential positive effects of AI, such as improved clinical decision-making, enhanced medical education, faster drug development, and better research outcomes. We also examine potential negative effects, such as bias and fairness concerns, safety and security issues, overreliance on technology, and ethical considerations. Conclusions: While AI continues to advance, it is crucial to remain vigilant about the possible risks and limitations of these technologies and to consider the implications of these technologies and their use in the medical field. The development of AI language models represents a significant advancement in the field of artificial intelligence and has the potential to revolutionize daily clinical practice in every branch of medicine, both surgical and clinical. Ethical and social implications must also be considered to ensure that these technologies are used in a responsible and beneficial manner.

Opportunities, challenges, and future directions of large language models, including ChatGPT in medical education: a systematic scoping review

“…Many articles also highlighted the significant potential of ChatGPT in meeting the personalized needs of learners, providing a personalized learning experience [ 17 ]. Developing personalized learning plans and learning materials, as well as providing tailored feedback to learners, are potential application avenues to explore [ 18 ]. Moreover, several articles discussed the use of ChatGPT as a potential writing or research assistant [ 19 ].…”

Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis

“…Corsello and Santangelo (2023) [48] Discusses the potential impact of ChatGPT on future pediatric research, highlighting positive effects such as improved clinical decision-making and enhanced medical education. However, the study also addresses concerns about bias, fairness, and ethical considerations associated with GAI utilization.…”

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Medicine and Healthcare: Applications, Considerations, Limitations, Motivation and Challenges

“…One remarkable application of AI in this realm is the development of large language models, such as ChatGPT, which have gained significant attention for their ability to generate human-like text based on prompts. ChatGPT’s versatile capabilities hold promise for reshaping medical practices, enhancing patient care, and revolutionising the way healthcare professionals interact with both patients and data [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

“…OpenAI launched in last November 2022 the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) and revolutionised the approach in artificial intelligence to human–model interaction used for fields [ 4 ]. It was used in all areas: healthcare and management [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], aiding cosmetic orthognathic surgery consultation [ 10 ], revolutionising dental practices [ 8 , 11 , 12 ], medical scientific articles and education fields [ 6 , 9 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], support in disease diagnosis [ 24 ], revolutionising radiology, sonar imaging and writing assessment [ 13 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], pharmaceutical research and treatment [ 11 , 24 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], and navigating limitations and ethical considerations [ 18 , 19 , 31 , 35 , 38 , 39 ,…”