Maximum voluntary isometric contraction: Reference values and clinical application

Meldrum, Dara; Cahalane, Eibhlis; Conroy, Ronán; Fitzgerald, Deirdre; Hardiman, Orla

doi:10.1080/17482960601012491

Cited by 100 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Again rest for 10 minutes was given. Then rhythmic handgrip exercise (forearm exercise) at 30% of MVC [18] at a rate of 30 times per minute (for two minutes), followed by PECO 20 mmHg above systolic blood pressure was done, followed by post rhythmic exercise measurement of cardiac and haemodynamic parameters of the subjects. Vasoconstriction mediated pressor response (changes in DBP and SVR) and flow mediated pressor response (changes in SBP and CO) due to metaboreflex activation were evaluated.…”

Section: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Metaboreflex on Cardiovascular System in Subjects of Metabolic Syndrome

Dubey

Tiwari

Bajpai

et al. 2017

JCDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTIONPhysical activity is any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure [1]. An emphasis has been placed on understanding the role of physical activity in the prevention and management of obesity which is responsible for the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the U.S. and worldwide due to sedentary lifestyles [2][3][4].When physical activity is planned, structured, and repetitive with an objective to improve or maintain the physical fitness, then it is known as exercise [1]. Exercise can be of three types: isometric, isotonic or rhythmic and isokinetic [1]. The cardiovascular and haemodynamic changes during exercise are regulated by autonomic activity which itself is under control of several neural mechanisms [5]. These neural mechanisms are central command, exercise pressor reflex and baroreflex. Central command is a feed-forward mechanism from the cortical centres in brain. The metaboreflex or exercise pressor reflex is feedback mechanism from the exercising skeletal muscle. The baroreflex is a negative feedback mechanism that can either be arterial, originating from the carotid sinus and aortic arch, or cardiopulmonary, originating from the heart and pulmonary vasculature [5].In healthy individuals, exercise causes the sympathetic tone to dominate over parasympathetic tone thereby augmenting the heartrate, myocardial contractility and peripheral vasoconstriction in the vascular beds of organs and tissues not involved in exercise [6].Some dysregulation in these mechanisms has been demonstrated in various diseases, mainly circulatory and metabolic diseases [6]. Further investigation in this field is warranted on the correction of the dysregulation of these reflexes [6].In metaboreflex, during exercise, metabolites like lactate, potassium, phosphate, adenosine, bradykinin and arachidonic acid products start accumulating in the skeletal muscle [7,8]. These metabolites are sensed by the receptors present within the muscles, which relay this information to the dorsal horn of spinal cord via Group III and IV muscle afferents [7,8]. Finally the information reaches to the nucleus tractus solitarius and other cardiovascular controlling areas in the brain stem that regulate the blood flow in contracting skeletal muscles by several haemodynamic adjustments [7,8].In metabolic syndrome, drug therapies directed towards the individual risk factors (i.e., hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia) might be required [9]. In order to know the effect of individual components of metabolic syndrome on EPR, many studies were conducted [10][11][12][13]

show abstract

Section: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Metaboreflex on Cardiovascular System in Subjects of Metabolic Syndrome

Dubey

Tiwari

Bajpai

et al. 2017

JCDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar limitations exist in strength reference datasets, relevant only to children [8][9][10][11] or adult populations, [12][13][14][15][16] or strength measured using equipment not readily available in clinic. [17][18][19] The purpose of this study was to generate a reference dataset of normative values across the lifespan for an extensive set of isometric muscle strength and joint flexibility items, stratified for age and sex, and to investigate the influence of demographic and anthropometric factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative reference values for strength and flexibility of 1,000 children and adults

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To establish reference values for isometric strength of 12 muscle groups and flexibility of 13 joint movements in 1,000 children and adults and investigate the influence of demographic and anthropometric factors.Methods: A standardized reliable protocol of hand-held and fixed dynamometry for isometric strength of ankle, knee, hip, elbow, and shoulder musculature as well as goniometry for flexibility of the ankle, knee, hip, elbow, shoulder, and cervical spine was performed in an observational study investigating 1,000 healthy male and female participants aged 3-101 years. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with strength and flexibility of children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. Results:Normative reference values of 25 strength and flexibility measures were generated.Strong linear correlations between age and strength were identified in the first 2 decades of life. Muscle strength significantly decreased with age in older adults. Regression modeling identified increasing height as the most significant predictor of strength in children, higher body mass in adolescents, and male sex in adults and older adults. Joint flexibility gradually decreased with age, with little sex difference. Waist circumference was a significant predictor of variability in joint flexibility in adolescents, adults, and older adults. Conclusions:Reference values and associated age-and sex-stratified z scores generated from this study can be used to determine the presence and extent of impairments associated with neuromuscular and other neurologic disorders, monitor disease progression over time in natural history studies, and evaluate the effect of new treatments in clinical trials. Neurology ® 2017;88:36-43Meaningful, reliable, and sensitive outcome measures are required to monitor treatment and progression of neuromuscular and other neurologic disorders. While there have been substantial advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of many neuromuscular disorders, the identification and development of new outcome measures that best reflect the efficacy of specific treatments have not advanced at the same rate. 1 Establishing valid and responsive outcome measures is a priority for the field. 2 To assist in the development of new outcome measures, normative reference values generated from large populations across the lifespan using standardized methods are required. Normative reference values can be utilized to generate z scores, which can be used in multicenter studies to improve outcome measure precision and responsiveness.Muscle weakness and joint contractures predispose to numerous pathologies requiring intervention. Reference data play an important role in identifying and quantifying these impairments and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions. Currently, few comprehensive datasets detail the normal variation of active range of motion in healthy individuals and are limited by the number of joints assessed, 3...

show abstract

“…14 Given the need for continued investigation into the role of lower extremity strength and its association with injury and reinjury, assessment methods need to be both accessible and reliable. Researchers have measured lower extremity muscular strength using various isometric, [15][16][17][18] isotonic, [19][20][21][22] and isokinetic [23][24][25][26] methods. These assessments can further be classified into 3 categories: tertiary, secondary, and primary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reliability of Portable Fixed Dynamometry During Hip and Knee Strength Assessments

Kollock

Oñate

Lunen

2010

Journal of Athletic Training

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Insufficient lower extremity strength may be a risk factor for lower extremity injuries such as noncontact anterior cruciate ligament tears. Therefore, clinicians need reliable instruments to assess strength deficiencies.Objective: To assess the intrarater, interrater, intrasession, and intersession reliability of a portable fixed dynamometer in measuring the strength of the hip and knee musculature.Design: Crossover study. Setting: Sports medicine research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Three raters (A, B, C) participated in this 2-phase study. Raters A and B tested 11 healthy college graduate students (2 men, 9 women) in phase 1. Raters A and C tested 26 healthy college undergraduate students (7 men, 19 women) in phase 2.Main Outcome Measure(s): The dependent variables for the study were hip adductor, hip abductor, hip flexor, hip extensor, hip internal rotator, hip external rotator, knee flexor, and knee extensor peak force.Results: The phase 1 intrasession intraclass correlation coefficients for sessions 1, 2, and 3 ranged from 0.88 to 0. Conclusions: The portable fixed dynamometer showed good to high intrasession and intersession reliability values for hip and knee strength. Intrarater and interrater reliability were fair to high, except for hip internal rotation, which showed poor reliability.

show abstract

Maximum voluntary isometric contraction: Reference values and clinical application

Cited by 100 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Metaboreflex on Cardiovascular System in Subjects of Metabolic Syndrome

Effect of Metaboreflex on Cardiovascular System in Subjects of Metabolic Syndrome

Normative reference values for strength and flexibility of 1,000 children and adults

The Reliability of Portable Fixed Dynamometry During Hip and Knee Strength Assessments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About