Maximum Performance Tests of Speech Production

Kent, Ray D.; Kent, Jane F.; Rosenbek, John C.

doi:10.1044/jshd.5204.367

Cited by 328 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In one, the MRR was administered near the beginning of the test battery and for the other it was administered toward the end. Kent et al, 1987) The MRR is one of the most commonly used tasks to measure oral motor speed in the speech and language literature. It has been recommended for use as a control for oral motor slowing deficits in MS as part of the MACFIMS (Benedict et al, 2002), but has not yet been empirically examined for this purpose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One limitation to this study, however, is the use of subjective ratings based on an unvalidated measure of dysarthria. In the present study we endeavored to improve upon prior research by widening the scope of cognitive testing and using an objective measure of oral motor speed known as the Maximum Repetition Rate of Syllables and Multisyllabic Combinations task (MRR; Kent et al, 1987), which has well-established reliability (Kreul, 1972) and validity (Dworkin et al, 1980;Portnoy & Aronson, 1982;Tatsumi et al, 1979;Ziegler & Wessel, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oralmotor slowing in multiple sclerosis: Relationship to neuropsychological tasks requiring an oral response

Arnett

Smith

Barwick

et al. 2008

J Inter Neuropsych Soc

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Although most neuropsychological batteries used with multiple sclerosis (MS) patients now exclude tests that require significant motor writing or manual manipulation speed, many of the most sensitive commonly used cognitive tests nonetheless require some type of rapid oral motor response. The aim of this study is to examine the extent to which primary oral motor articulation speed problems of individuals with MS contribute to performance and group differences on neuropsychological tasks requiring a rapid spoken response. Fifty MS patients and 50 healthy controls were administered the PASAT, COWAT, Animal Naming, and SDMT tests, in addition to a measure of rudimentary oral motor speed known as the maximum repetition rate of syllables and multisyllabic combinations (MRR) task. Regression analyses revealed that the amount of variance accounted for by the group (MS-Control) variable was reduced the following amounts for the tasks when the MRR was entered before the group variable: SDMT, 10% to 6%; PASAT, 4% to 2%; COWAT, 5% to 2%; Animal Naming, 11% to 7%. Our data suggest that rudimentary oral motor speed is slowed in MS patients and makes an important contribution to group differences in performance on commonly used neuropsychological tasks requiring a rapid spoken response. (JINS, 2008, 14, 454-462.)

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oralmotor slowing in multiple sclerosis: Relationship to neuropsychological tasks requiring an oral response

Arnett

Smith

Barwick

et al. 2008

J Inter Neuropsych Soc

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“…As such, it may eventually replace effortful and aversive endurance procedures for this purpose. Maximum performance tasks, such as endurance, have been criticized for being excessively variable and for being susceptible to low motivation, pain aversion, and motor instability [42,43]. Nonetheless, before the constant-effort task can be implemented clinically, measurement and interpretive issues remain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of effort during handgrip and tongue elevation in Parkinson's disease

Solomon

Robin

2005

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders

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Background-Fatigue and the accompanying perception of effort are often heightened in Parkinson's disease.Objectives-To compare performance on three sense-of-effort tasks between patients with PD and matched neurologically normal control subjects.Methods-Sixteen PD subjects and 16 normal subjects performed three tasks to assess sense of effort: self-ratings of effort using direct-magnitude estimation, generating pressures at various levels of effort, and sustaining a submaximal level of effort. The latter two tasks were done with handgrip and tongue elevation.Results-Two of the three tasks successfully differentiated the groups. Subjects with PD provided significantly higher ratings of effort for general daily activities and for speech. During the constant-effort task, pressure curves decayed more rapidly for the PD subjects.Conclusions-Performance by PD subjects on the constant-effort task resembled that by normal adults who were pre-fatigued in previous experiments. Results support greater than normal senseof-effort related to fatigue in PD, and provide preliminary validation of a performance-based physiologic task to assess abnormal sense of effort in this population.

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“…Indeed, difficult syllable tasks could reveal a decline in maximal performance differences (reduced reserve). This is important because a reduced reserve can impair a person's flexibility, that is, the ability to adjust speech output to different situations, and can also reveal whether the process of speaking is becoming overall more difficult (Kent et al 1987). The oro-facial movements used in the MOUTH condition were (1) a kissing movement with the lips (kiss), (2) the production of a popping sound made with the two lips being pressed and opened (pop), (3) a sound made by pressing the tip of the tongue against the alveoles and then releasing the tongue (tic), and (4) a clapping sound also made with the tip of the tongue (clap).…”

Section: Stimuli and Motor Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement sequencing in normal aging: speech, oro-facial, and finger movements

Bilodeau-Mercure

Kirouac

Langlois

et al. 2015

AGE

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The manner and extent to which normal aging affects the ability to speak are not fully understood. While age-related changes in voice fundamental frequency and intensity have been documented, changes affecting the planning and articulation of speech are less well understood. In the present study, 76 healthy, cognitively normal participants aged between 18 and 93 years old were asked to produce auditorily and visually triggered sequences of finely controlled movements (speech, oro-facial, and manual movement). These sequences of movements were either (1) simple, in which at least two of the three movements were the same, or (2) complex, in which three different movements were produced. For each of the resulting experimental condition, accuracy was calculated. The results show that, for speech and oro-facial movements, accuracy declined as a function of age and complexity. For these movements, the negative effect of complexity on performance accuracy increased with age. No aging or complexity effects were found for the manual movements on accuracy, but a significant slowing of movement was found, particularly for the complex sequences. These results demonstrate that there is a significant deterioration of fine motor control in normal aging across different response modalities.

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Maximum Performance Tests of Speech Production

Cited by 328 publications

References 91 publications

Oralmotor slowing in multiple sclerosis: Relationship to neuropsychological tasks requiring an oral response

Oralmotor slowing in multiple sclerosis: Relationship to neuropsychological tasks requiring an oral response

Perceptions of effort during handgrip and tongue elevation in Parkinson's disease

Movement sequencing in normal aging: speech, oro-facial, and finger movements

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