Maximum foraging ranges in solitary bees: only few individuals have the capability to cover long foraging distances

Zurbuchen, Antonia; Landert, Lisa; Klaiber, Jeannine; Müller, Andreas; Hein, Silke; Dorn, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2009.12.003

Cited by 622 publications

(515 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It has recently been shown that a significant increase in net species diversification rate coincided with the origin of Malpighiaceae and their pollinator mutualism (21). One possibility is that speciation in New World Malpighiaceae is explained by the small geographic range of most solitary bee pollinators and territoriality in male oil bees (50)(51)(52)(53), combined with the wide geographic ranges of numerous Malpighiaceae clades (30), which together could facilitate allopatric speciation within the group. Diversification rates in plant clades with zygomorphic flowers like Malpighiaceace have been shown to be significantly increased (19,54); this has been cited as an example of species selection (20).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Davis

Schaefer

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Many major branches in the Tree of Life are marked by stereotyped body plans that have been maintained over long periods of time. One possible explanation for this stasis is that there are genetic or developmental constraints that restrict the origin of novel body plans. An alternative is that basic body plans are potentially quite labile, but are actively maintained by natural selection. We present evidence that the conserved floral morphology of a species-rich flowering plant clade, Malpighiaceae, has been actively maintained for tens of millions of years via stabilizing selection imposed by their specialist New World oil-bee pollinators. Nine clades that have lost their primary oil-bee pollinators show major evolutionary shifts in specific floral traits associated with oil-bee pollination, demonstrating that developmental constraint is not the primary cause of morphological stasis in Malpighiaceae. Interestingly, Malpighiaceae show a burst in species diversification coinciding with the origin of this plant-pollinator mutualism. One hypothesis to account for radiation despite morphological stasis is that although selection on pollinator efficiency explains the origin of this unique and conserved floral morphology, tight pollinator specificity subsequently permitted greatly enhanced diversification in this system. phylogeny | flower morphology | comparative methods | Centridini | diversification rate

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Davis

Schaefer

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Therefore, it is most likely that high frequency of mating between closely related individuals occurs in certain landscapes, as observed for other Neotropical tree species pollinated by animals (e.g., Caryocar brasiliense; Collevatti et al, 2001). Moreover, E. edulis is pollinated mainly by small-sized bees, which present relatively short flight distance (o840 m; Zurbuchen et al, 2010). Flight distance in small bees can be reduced by habitat fragmentation and isolation, even at short isolation distances (Zurbuchen et al, 2010), increasing inbreeding within fragments.…”

Section: Genetic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Each landscape was defined by a circle of 2 km radius around a midpoint among the sites where E. edulis were sampled ( Figure 1b). We chose this radius because foraging distance of potential pollinators, such as Plebleia droryana and Trigona spinipis, can reach 540 and 840 m, respectively (Zurbuchen et al, 2010) and seed dispersal distances by large bird species taxonomically related with the dispersers of E. edulis are likely to be shorter than 600 m (Holbrook, 2011). Using this experimental design, we were able to assess the effects of landscape structure and geographic distance between sites on genetic variability and genetic differentiation among sites within landscapes.…”

Section: Landscapes and Sites Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, E. edulis is pollinated mainly by small-sized bees, which present relatively short flight distance (o840 m; Zurbuchen et al, 2010). Flight distance in small bees can be reduced by habitat fragmentation and isolation, even at short isolation distances (Zurbuchen et al, 2010), increasing inbreeding within fragments. However, inbreeding was not explained by historical effective population size or by any landscape metrics considered in this study.…”

Section: Genetic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contemporary and historic factors influence differently genetic differentiation and diversity in a tropical palm

et al. 2015

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Population genetics theory predicts loss in genetic variability because of drift and inbreeding in isolated plant populations; however, it has been argued that long-distance pollination and seed dispersal may be able to maintain gene flow, even in highly fragmented landscapes. We tested how historical effective population size, historical migration and contemporary landscape structure, such as forest cover, patch isolation and matrix resistance, affect genetic variability and differentiation of seedlings in a tropical palm (Euterpe edulis) in a human-modified rainforest. We sampled 16 sites within five landscapes in the Brazilian Atlantic forest and assessed genetic variability and differentiation using eight microsatellite loci. Using a model selection approach, none of the covariates explained the variation observed in inbreeding coefficients among populations. The variation in genetic diversity among sites was best explained by historical effective population size. Allelic richness was best explained by historical effective population size and matrix resistance, whereas genetic differentiation was explained by matrix resistance. Coalescence analysis revealed high historical migration between sites within landscapes and constant historical population sizes, showing that the genetic differentiation is most likely due to recent changes caused by habitat loss and fragmentation. Overall, recent landscape changes have a greater influence on among-population genetic variation than historical gene flow process. As immediate restoration actions in landscapes with low forest amount, the development of more permeable matrices to allow the movement of pollinators and seed dispersers may be an effective strategy to maintain microevolutionary processes.

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“…As opposed to most parasitoids, many host species are strong flyers. Albeit having a preference for short foraging distances, those species might cover large areas [53] considerably exceeding the size of the plots on which the environmental variables were measured. Thus, it might be that in our study system hosts are less related to local tree MPD than parasitoids but more dependent on habitat properties affecting their nesting.…”

Section: (B) Direct and Indirect Environmental Influences On Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree phylogenetic diversity promotes host–parasitoid interactions

et al. 2016

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Evidence from grassland experiments suggests that a plant community's phylogenetic diversity (PD) is a strong predictor of ecosystem processes, even stronger than species richness per se. This has, however, never been extended to species-rich forests and host-parasitoid interactions. We used cavitynesting Hymenoptera and their parasitoids collected in a subtropical forest as a model system to test whether hosts, parasitoids, and their interactions are influenced by tree PD and a comprehensive set of environmental variables, including tree species richness. Parasitism rate and parasitoid abundance were positively correlated with tree PD. All variables describing parasitoids decreased with elevation, and were, except parasitism rate, dependent on host abundance. Quantitative descriptors of host-parasitoid networks were independent of the environment. Our study indicates that host-parasitoid interactions in species-rich forests are related to the PD of the tree community, which influences parasitism rates through parasitoid abundance. We show that effects of tree community PD are much stronger than effects of tree species richness, can cascade to high trophic levels, and promote trophic interactions. As during habitat modification phylogenetic information is usually lost nonrandomly, even species-rich habitats may not be able to continuously provide the ecosystem process parasitism if the evolutionarily most distinct plant lineages vanish.

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Maximum foraging ranges in solitary bees: only few individuals have the capability to cover long foraging distances

Cited by 622 publications

References 52 publications

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Contemporary and historic factors influence differently genetic differentiation and diversity in a tropical palm

Tree phylogenetic diversity promotes host–parasitoid interactions

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