“…A road network in New York was used to prove the validity and efficiency of the available flow neural network method. Many scientists, mathematicians, engineers, and computer scholars have proposed different methods to solve the maximal flow problem and related variants, such as maximum flow problem instance space analysis (Alipour et al, 2023), network reconstruction method for maximum flow problem (Munapo et al, 2022), poly-logarithmic maximum flows (Cen et al, 2023), maximum flow routing strategy (Yang et al, 2023), maximum flow in fuzzy environments (Bavandi & Bigdeli, 2023), and multicommodity flow problem (Gupta et al, 2023).…”