Maximum Charged Particle Density Fluctuations in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Ahmad, Shakeel; Bari, W.; Ahmad, N.; Khan, M. M.; Zafar, M.; Irfan, M.

doi:10.1143/jpsj.71.1059

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It may be interesting to note from the Table that values of parameter 'b' increases with decreasing GK . Similar behaviour for dependence of < U max > on < N s > has also been reported by other workers [3][4][5][6][7][8]. …”

Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Details of measurements and criteria for selecting events may be found in our earlier publications [4,6]. A random sample comprising of 555 interactions having n h t 0, where n h represents the number of charged particles produced in an interaction with relative velocities, E d 0.7, have been analyzed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary particles produced in the final state of relativistic nuclear collisions are envisaged to be strongly correlated [2][3][4]. These correlations have been explained by various physicists [2,3] in terms of production of resonances, hot multi-nucleon fireballs or the formation of the quark-gluon plasma, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapidity density fluctuations in 14.5A GeV/c 28Si-nucleus interactions

et al. 2010

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Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapidity density fluctuations in 14.5A GeV/c 28Si-nucleus interactions

et al. 2010

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“…In the present experiment arandom data sample which consists of 605 interactions with n h ≥ 7 have been examined, where n h represents the number of relativistic charged particles emitted from interaction having energy of 14.5A GeV 28 Si 14 -nucleus interactions with their relative velocities β≤0.7 are analyzed. Moreover, other significant information concerning the stacks, criteria for selecting the events and the method of measuring emission angles may also be found in Powel's book [33] and elsewhere [34][35][36]. Furthermore, the experimental results of the present work are compared with the predictions of LUND model, FRITIOF, which are simulated to match the true experimental data.…”

Section: Details Of the Datamentioning

confidence: 94%

Constant Specific Heat Approximation in Multifractal Thermodynamics in Multiparticle Production in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Kamal¹,

Khan²

2022

AJMP

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The study of specific heat is motivated by the fact that a sudden change in the value of specific heat might be interpreted as a signal of a phase transition. It is also an established fact that multifractal analysis has been proved to be highly effective in characterizing fluctuations which is considered to be important tool for understanding the mechanism of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. The Present research work provides some fascinating investigations on multifractal specific heat, c using the concept of entropy, f q which is found as a potential procedure in the study of multifractal specific heat along with the earlier known approaches. The investigations are done for the produced shower particles in nuclear emulsion detector for 28 Si-nucleus interactions at 14.5 A GeV/c in the framework of generalized dimension. An attempt is also made to discuss certain universal properties of multifractal specific heat and entropy. We have computed c, by applying the methodology of modified and Takagi moments (T q ). Experimental results are compared with the predictions of LUND model FRITIOF. Moreover, the constant-specific heat method, which is based on the concept of entropy and is commonly accepted in conventional thermodynamics, is demonstrated to be suitable in multifractal thermodynamics also. The values of 'c' calculated from these methods are compared with constant specific heat approximations (CSHs) obtained using multifractal entropy (f q ). It is found that the values of 'c', estimated using Takagi approach are consistent with those of Bershadskii's work as compared to those calculated using (G a m ) moments and multifractal entropy, f q . This is obtained for both experimental and for the FRITIOF generated data for the three types of interactions namely, CNO, emulsion and AgBr. The findings of this paper reveal useful information regarding the choice of method used and our results are consistent with CSH approximation for both experimental and simulated data and also in conjunction with recent studies on multifractal specific heat.

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“…The events were searched by the method of line scanning and the space angles of the produced particles, θ s , were measured using the coordinate method. The other relevant details regarding scanning procedure, criteria for selecting events, method of measurements, etc., may be found in the book by Powell et al [41] and our earlier publications [42][43][44]. A random sample comprising 605 interactions having n h ≥0, where n h represents the number of charged particles produced in an interaction with relative velocities β ≤ 0.7, are analysed.…”

Section: A Brief Description Of the Data Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Anomalous Fractal Dimensions and Scaling Exponent in Ginzburg--Landau Phase Transition in 14.5 $A$\,GeV/$c$ $^{28}$Si--AgBr Interactions

Kamal¹,

Ahmad²,

Khan³

2015

Acta Phys. Pol. B

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In this paper, multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in 14.5 A GeV/c 28 Si-AgBr interactions and the events generated by Monte Carlo models, FRITIOF and HIJING, are analysed using Scaled Factorial Moments (SFMs) approach in terms of the Ginzburg-Landau formalism. The reported power-law behaviour of the higher-order and second-order scaled factorial moments is searched for in the experimental and simulated data. The analysis of anomalous fractal dimensions does not favour occurrence of any exotic phenomenon. Further, the values of the slopes, β q , are used to determine a universal scaling exponent, ν, for both the experimental and simulated data in terms of Ginzburg-Landau approach in order to investigate the nature of phase transition from the de-confined quarkgluon medium to the confined hadronic state. The analysis indicates that the values of ν for the experimental and FRITIOF data compare reasonably well with its critical value. Nevertheless, the value of ν for the HIJING data is in marked disagreement. This may be attributed to the fact that local fluctuations are not addressed effectively by HIJING model; however, it successfully explains the phenomenon of flow. Finally, some evidences regarding second-order phase transition are found.

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Maximum Charged Particle Density Fluctuations in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Rapidity density fluctuations in 14.5A GeV/c 28Si-nucleus interactions

Rapidity density fluctuations in 14.5A GeV/c 28Si-nucleus interactions

Constant Specific Heat Approximation in Multifractal Thermodynamics in Multiparticle Production in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Study of Anomalous Fractal Dimensions and Scaling Exponent in Ginzburg--Landau Phase Transition in 14.5 $A$\,GeV/$c$ $^{28}$Si--AgBr Interactions

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