Maximizing recovery of energy and nutrients from urban wastewaters

Selvaratnam, Thinesh; Henkanatte-Gedera, S.M.; Muppaneni, Tapaswy; Nirmalakhandan, Nagamany; Deng, Shuguang; Lammers, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.102

Cited by 42 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…G. sulphuraria was already successfully grown on hydrolysates of restaurant and bakery waste [34]. An efficient removal of N and P from urban wastewater under mixotrophic conditions was also achieved with G. sulphuraria [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Scherhag

Ackermann

2020

Engineering in Life Sciences

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The unicellular extremophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria is capable of chemoheterotrophy and its growth has been investigated on some defined and undefined substrates. In this study, the removal of sugars in wastewater from fruit‐salad production with G. sulphuraria strain SAG 21.92 was analyzed. Growth and sugar consumption were determined under variation of temperature, pH‐value and concentration of a model substrate, containing sucrose, glucose and fructose. In shake flask cultivation maximum specific growth rate and specific substrate consumption rate of 1.53±0.09 day−1 and 2.41±0.14 gSub·gDW−1·day−1 were measured at pH 2 and 42°C. A scale‐up of this process was conducted in a 3 L stirred tank reactor (STR). Wastewater from fruit‐salad production was diluted to 15 g·L−1 total sugar concentration, supplemented with micronutrients and ammonia and pH was set to 3. Determined growth rate and substrate consumption were 1.21 day−1 and 1.88 gSub·gDW−1·day−1, respectively. It was demonstrated, that high sugar concentrations in wastewater streams from food production processes can be significantly reduced with G. sulphuraria SAG 21.92. This strain could achieve substrate consumption rates in wastewater, equal to the more common strain 074G, but at higher pH values. Generated biomass can be used for production of phycocyanin, a valuable nutraceutical.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Scherhag

Ackermann

2020

Engineering in Life Sciences

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“…However, optimizing biomass and CO 2 fixation per unit amount of nitrogen will be a more realistic parameter. Maximizing biomass and CO 2 fixation with the lowest input of nutrients is necessary to reduce the cost associated with nutrient supply ( Selvaratnam et al, 2016 ). The data in Figure 1 shows that the total biomass (g/L) and the biomass per unit amount of nitrogen are functions of nitrogen concentration and depend on light intensity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing Energy Content and CO2 Bio-fixation Efficiency of an Indigenous Isolated Microalga Parachlorella kessleri HY-6 Through Nutrient Optimization and Water Recycling During Cultivation

Farooq

2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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An alternative source of energy and materials with low negative environmental impacts is essential for a sustainable future. Microalgae is a promising candidate in this aspect. The focus of this study is to optimize the supply of nitrogen and carbon dioxide during the cultivation of locally isolated strain Parachlorella kessleri HY-6. This study focuses on optimizing nitrogen and CO2 supply based on total biomass and biomass per unit amount of nitrogen and CO2. Total biomass increased from 1.23 to 2.30 g/L with an increase in nitrogen concentration from 15.8 to 47.4 mg/L. However, biomass per unit amount of nitrogen supplied was higher at low nitrogen content. Biomass and CO2 fixation rate increased at higher CO2 concentrations in bubbling air, but CO2 fixation efficiency decreased drastically. Finally, the energy content of biomass increased with increases in both nitrogen and CO2 supply. This work thoroughly analyzed the biomass composition via ultimate, proximate, and biochemical analysis. Water is recycled three times for cultivation at three different nitrogen levels. Microalgae biomass increased during the second recycling and then decreased drastically during the third. Activated carbon helped remove the organics after the third recycling to improve the water recyclability. This study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate variables for optimization by considering net energy investment in terms of nutrients (as nitrogen) and CO2 fixation efficiency and effective water recycling.

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“…The POWER process has been validated under laboratory conditions and under field conditions at a local wastewater treatment plant [6][7][8][9][10]. The laboratory studies evaluated the ability of Galdieria sulphuraria in growing in sterilized primary settled wastewater collected from the local wastewater treatment plant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Autarky of Food-Energy-Water

2017

(IJTEE)

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Meeting the demand for food, energy, and water to sustain the worldwide growth of urban population is a major challenge. Several recent reports have concluded that one approach to overcome this challenge is to recover and recycle resources within the food-energywater (FEW) nexus in urban settings. Urban wastewaters (UWW) are now being recognized as a resource, rich in nutrients and energy, rather than a waste stream that has to be treated and disposed of at the expense of significant energy input and associated environmental emissions. Reclaiming reusable water, nutrients, and energy from UWWs can contribute to autarky of FEW nexus and render the wastewater management process sustainable and potentially profitable. This paper presents a novel approach to treat UWW with the potential for high recovery of energy, nutrients, and water from UWW for use in food crop production. This approach entails cultivation of energy-rich algal biomass in primary-settled UWW followed by extraction of biocrude and nutrients from the algal biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction. A fraction of the recovered nutrients is recycled to boost biomass production while the rest can be stockpiled for use as fertilizer. Results from a pilot scale field study conducted at a local wastewater treatment plant confirmed that the algal system can achieve >80% removal of organic carbon, ammoniacal-nitrogen, and phosphates in UWW, meeting the respective discharge standards in a single step, with a batch process time of three days.

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Maximizing recovery of energy and nutrients from urban wastewaters

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Maximizing Energy Content and CO2 Bio-fixation Efficiency of an Indigenous Isolated Microalga Parachlorella kessleri HY-6 Through Nutrient Optimization and Water Recycling During Cultivation

Sustainable Autarky of Food-Energy-Water

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