Maximizing Genetic Diversity in Coral Restoration Projects

Baums, Iliana B.; Chamberland, Valérie F.; Locatelli, Nicolas S.; Conn, Trinity

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-07055-6_3

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…The microbial fraction of coral hologenome data provides a snapshot of the microbial symbionts from coral populations in the wild, but this fraction is usually small (5-10%) given that these data were derived directly from coral tissue (Kitchen et al, 2019;Baums et al, 2022). Although this microbial data fraction may be perceived as "contaminant" sequences in the analysis of host genome or genotype(s), it serves as a "gold mine" that provide direct access to genome data of in hospite microbial symbionts including hostspecific Symbiodiniaceae.…”

Section: Assessing Symbiodiniaceae Diversity Using Coral Hologenome Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant or goldmine? In silico assessment of Symbiodiniaceae community using coral hologenomes

Ishida,

Riginos,

Chan

2024

Front. Protistol.

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Endosymbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae are symbionts essential to corals and other marine organisms. A coral holobiont consists of the coral host, Symbiodiniaceae, and other microbes that together sustain the overall productivity and coral health. Coral hologenome data, generated from all interacting components of a coral holobiont, are key for elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underpin the resilience of the holobiont to changing environments. Although coral hologenome data are often dominated by host coral genomic sequences, they provide an avenue for recovering genomic sequences from Symbiodiniaceae in hospite. Here, we review recent advances in the approaches for assessing community diversity of in hospite Symbiodiniaceae from coral hologenome data. Using a case study based on existing hologenome datasets of the Acropora kenti coral, we highlight how hologenome datasets in large numbers can provide a useful analysis platform for assessing Symbiodiniaceae diversity and their function in coral holobionts.

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Section: Assessing Symbiodiniaceae Diversity Using Coral Hologenome Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant or goldmine? In silico assessment of Symbiodiniaceae community using coral hologenomes

Ishida,

Riginos,

Chan

2024

Front. Protistol.

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“…Promising areas of research and key actions are provided for each priority along with expected outcomes and associated principles that underpin ecological restoration. (Willis et al 1997;Grosso-Becerra et al 2021), unintended and undesirable selective pressure imposed by culture conditions, or selective pressure from environmental conditions at the destination reef (Baums et al 2022).…”

Section: Maximizing Genetic Diversity In Larval Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, outplanting dense aggregations of (potential) siblings from an individual rearing effort should be avoided whenever possible to minimize the risk of inbreeding. These precautions are particularly important when larval cohorts contain limited genetic diversity due to small source populations or propagation bottlenecks (Baums et al 2022).…”

Section: Achieving Ecological Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have yielded an over‐representation of closely‐related offspring (i.e. half or full siblings) and low allelic diversity (Baums et al 2022; López‐Nandam et al 2022; Fig. 3).…”

Section: Improving Broodstock Selection To Maximize the Genetic Diver...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). Although it remains unclear what causes such genetic bottlenecks during propagation, candidate mechanisms include gametic incompatibilities, differences in sperm motility or quality (Willis et al 1997; Grosso‐Becerra et al 2021), unintended and undesirable selective pressure imposed by culture conditions, or selective pressure from environmental conditions at the destination reef (Baums et al 2022).…”

Section: Improving Broodstock Selection To Maximize the Genetic Diver...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying coral breeding to reef restoration: best practices, knowledge gaps, and priority actions in a rapidly‐evolving field

Banaszak

Marhaver

Miller³

et al. 2023

Restoration Ecology

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Reversing coral reef decline requires reducing environmental threats while actively restoring reef ecological structure and function. A promising restoration approach uses coral breeding to boost natural recruitment and repopulate reefs with genetically diverse coral communities. Recent advances in predicting spawning, capturing spawn, culturing larvae, and rearing settlers have enabled the successful propagation, settlement, and outplanting of coral offspring in all of the world's major reef regions. Nevertheless, breeding efforts frequently yield low survival, reflecting the type III survivorship curve of corals and poor condition of most reefs targeted for restoration. Furthermore, coral breeding programs are still limited in spatial scale and species diversity. Here, we highlight four priority areas for research and cooperative innovation to increase the effectiveness and scale of coral breeding in restoration: (1) expanding the number of restoration sites and species, (2) improving broodstock selection to maximize the genetic diversity and adaptive capacity of restored populations, (3) enhancing culture conditions to improve offspring health before and after outplanting, and (4) scaling up infrastructure and technologies for large‐scale coral breeding and restoration. Prioritizing efforts in these four areas will enable practitioners to address reef decline at relevant ecological scales, re‐establish self‐sustaining coral populations, and ensure the long‐term success of restoration interventions. Overall, we aim to guide the coral restoration community toward actions and opportunities that can yield rapid technical advances in larval rearing and coral breeding, foster interdisciplinary collaborations, and ultimately achieve the ecological restoration of coral reefs.

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Population and clonal structure of Acropora cf. hyacinthus to inform coral restoration practices on the Great Barrier Reef

Howlett,

Camp,

Locatelli

et al. 2024

Coral Reefs

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A key goal of coral restoration is to re-establish self-sustaining coral populations and ensure resilience to future stressors, which requires that genetic diversity is maximised. However, coral genetic and genotypic (clonal) diversity is variable across reef sites via success of sexual recruitment, and cryptic species diversity can complicate breeding efforts. Assessing genotypic and genetic diversity of colonies to be used in restoration is therefore critical to avoid founder, inbreeding or outbreeding effects. Considering recent efforts to upscale coral propagation on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), we examined species, population and clonal structure of a commonly out-planted tabular Acropora species—Acropora hyacinthus (Dana, 1864). A total of 189 colonies were sampled from six reef systems throughout the northern-central GBR and genotyped using an Acropora-specific Affymetrix microarray, which resulted in 1387 variant sites that passed quality control. Cryptic species were readily resolved and all sampled A. hyacinthus colonies represented unique genotypes within sites at three reefs. At reefs that contained multi-ramet genets (clonal genotypes), the mean and maximum between-ramet distances were 0.68 and 1.99 m, respectively. Therefore, sampling colonies > 2 m apart increases the likelihood these colonies represent distinct genets. Such a sampling design therefore maximises genotypic diversity when sourcing colonies for propagation and out-planting. Based on these variant sites, we found no between-reef genetic divergence based on locality. Furthermore, through unintentional sampling of non-target tabular Acroporid species, we show how this genotyping method may be used for resolving taxonomic uncertainty as well as population dynamics.

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Maximizing Genetic Diversity in Coral Restoration Projects

Cited by 6 publications

References 164 publications

Contaminant or goldmine? In silico assessment of Symbiodiniaceae community using coral hologenomes

Contaminant or goldmine? In silico assessment of Symbiodiniaceae community using coral hologenomes

Applying coral breeding to reef restoration: best practices, knowledge gaps, and priority actions in a rapidly‐evolving field

Population and clonal structure of Acropora cf. hyacinthus to inform coral restoration practices on the Great Barrier Reef

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