Maximizing Efficiency in Compressed Air Energy Storage: Insights from Thermal Energy Integration and Optimization

Abstract

Motivated by the suboptimal performances observed in existing compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems, this work focuses on the efficiency optimization of CAES through thermal energy storage (TES) integration. The research explores the dependence of CAES performance on power plant layout, charging time, discharging time, available power, and cavern volume. Hence, a range of solutions are examined, encompassing both solid and liquid TES options, alongside the potential utilization of external air heaters. Inefficiencies in solid TES due to significant retention of thermal power within the medium after complete discharge are identified and mitigated through optimization strategies. In addition, solutions to prevent ice formation at the low-pressure expander phase are suggested to avoid icing issues in CAES layouts with liquid TES. Through this comprehensive investigation, the study provides valuable insights into enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of CAES systems. By constructing a volume–power–time conversion table, the research contributes to the advancement of CAES technology, facilitating more efficient energy storage and utilization, thereby addressing critical challenges in the field of energy storage.

Performance Analysis and Optimization of Compressed Air Energy Storage Integrated with Latent Thermal Energy Storage

“…However, the fluctuating and intermittent nature of renewable energies threatens the reliability and overall efficiency of electrical power systems [4]. Promising methods are the applications of various energy storage techniques, including electric vehicles and electro-chemical energy storage [5], pumped hydro energy storage [6,7], thermal energy storage [8,9], compressed air energy storage [10,11], etc. Among all of the large-scale energy storage technologies, the compressed air energy storage (CAES) possesses unique advantages since it is not restricted by geographical conditions and has a long lifespan, high reliability, and low cost [12,13], and it has been attracting increasing attention around the world.…”