Maximalist vs. minimalist shoes: dose-effect response of elastic compression on muscular oscillations

Soft Tissue Vibrations in Running: A Narrative Review

“…However, no standardised guidelines have been published yet. Video tracking with passive markers has also been used to quantify STV [ 27 , 28 ]. However, only vibration displacement can be assessed with this method because of the low sampling frequency.…”

“…However, only vibration displacement can be assessed with this method because of the low sampling frequency. Indeed, while most researchers have used a sampling frequency over 1000 Hz with tri-axial accelerometers, sampling frequency as low as 150 Hz has been widely used both with video tracking [ 28 , 29 ] and accelerometers [ 27 ]. Even though the Shannon–Nyquist’s theorem is respected, the accuracy of these video and accelerometer tracking measurements remains questionable.…”

“…From the time representation of the acceleration signal (Fig. 1 b), one can compute the peak acceleration [ 14 , 22 , 32 , 33 , 38 ], the mean standard deviation [ 27 ], or the root mean square acceleration [ 9 ]. A temporal analysis of passive marker displacement allows the calculation of the maximum displacement of the soft tissue [ 28 , 29 ].…”

“…An effective method to attenuate STV during dynamic activities is the use of sports compressive garments. To the best of our knowledge, five studies investigated the effects of compressive garments on STV during downhill [ 9 , 29 ] or flat running [ 27 , 28 , 52 ]. The main findings are summarised in Table 2 .…”

“…during 5 min Tri-axial accelerometer TA, GL, RF and BF 2560 Hz For TA: v. PSD ↗ (+ 26.7 ± 20%) For RF: a.p. PSD ↗ (+ 42.6 ± 35.5%) For GL and BF: PSD ↔ Boyer et al [ 22 ] Regularly runners|M = 10|25 ± 4.2 years COND: Elastic (52C-Asker) TEST1: Viscous (50C-Asker) TEST2: Visco-elastic (40C-Asker) TEST3: Visco-elastic (55C-Asker) TEST4: Visco-elastic (70C-Asker) 16-m indoor track| 2, 3, 4 and 5.5 m/s| 3 trials per shoe and surface Tri-axial accelerometers TA, GM, VL and BF 2400 Hz For all muscles: v. a peak ↔ v. f peak ↔ Midsole shape Trama et al [ 32 ] Recreational runners|M = 20|23.9 ± 2.1 years|73.6 ± 7.4 kg|177 ± 5 cm COND: Flat ( = 40 mm, = 55 mm, ∆h = 15 mm) TEST: Rocker ( = 41 mm, = 58 mm, ∆h = 17 mm) Indoor track| 8, 10.5, 13 and 15.5 km/h|5 trials per shoe and running speed Tri-axial accelerometers GM and VL 1000 Hz For VL and GM : v. a peak ↔ v. f peak ↔ Damping ↔ eaGellaerts et al [ 27 ] Healthy men|M = 11|25.1 ± 2.7 years|67.5 ± 1.3 kg|175.5 ± 1.8 cm COND: minimalist ( = 4 mm, = 4 mm, ∆h = 0 mm) TEST: maximalist ( = 29 mm, = 33 mm, ∆h = 4 mm) Treadmill| 10 km/h| 1 min per shoe Tri-axial accelerometers RF and VM 150 Hz For RF: MD ↘ (− 20.6 ± 6.6%) For VM: MD ↘ (− 18.8 ± 2.5%) List of Abbreviations present in the table: M Male, F Female, n. i . non-indicated, COMP Compression Tested, COND Condition, TEST Shoe Tested, : Height under the toe, …”