Maximal Strength Training of the Legs in COPD

Hoff, Jan; Tjønna, Arnt Erik; Steinshamn, Sigurd; Høydal, Morten A.; Richardson, Russell S.; Helgerud, Jan

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000246989.48729.39

Cited by 90 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A high rate of torque development has been suggested to relate to an individual’s ability to perform functionally at faster contraction speeds 32,33. Our findings support the relationship between rate of torque development and performance of all three functional tests in patients with COPD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Contrary to our expectations, however, high-velocity concentric contractions were not as strongly associated with functional or physiological performance as were slower-velocity concentric and eccentric contractions. There is some evidence in healthy adults that adequate functional performance is determined by fast-velocity contractions,31 and using fast-velocity (power) exercise during training results in greater functional performance compared with slow-velocity training 32,33. It is not apparent why these results are contradictory; however, because patients with COPD exhibit significant deficiencies in functional performance6 and typically do not produce fast contractions in their daily life, it is possible that high-velocity torque production using an isokinetic dynamometer was extremely unfamiliar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between isokinetic muscle strength, high-level functional performance, and physiological parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Butcher¹,

Pikaluk²,

Chura³

et al. 2012

COPD

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High-level activities are typically not performed by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which results in reduced functional performance; however, the physiological parameters that contribute to this reduced performance are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between high-level functional performance, leg muscle strength/power, aerobic power, and anaerobic power. Thirteen patients with COPD underwent an incremental maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test, quadriceps isokinetic dynamometry (isometric peak torque and rate of torque development; concentric isokinetic peak torque at 90°/sec, 180°/sec, and 270°/sec; and eccentric peak torque at 90°/sec), a steep ramp anaerobic test (SRAT) (increments of 25 watts every 10 seconds), and three functional measures (timed up and go [TUG], timed stair climb power [SCPT], and 30-second sit-to-stand test [STS]). TUG time correlated strongly (P < 0.05) with all muscle strength variables and with the SRAT. Isometric peak torque was the strongest determinant of TUG time (r = −0.92). SCPT and STS each correlated with all muscle strength variables except concentric at 270°/sec and with the SRAT. The SRAT was the strongest determinant of SCPT (r = 0.91), and eccentric peak torque at 90°/sec was most significantly associated with STS (r = 0.81). Performance on the SRAT (anaerobic power); slower-velocity concentric, eccentric, and isometric contractions; and rate of torque development are reflected in all functional tests, whereas cardiopulmonary exercise test performance (aerobic power) was not associated with any of the functional or muscle tests. High-level functional performance in patients with COPD is associated with physiological parameters that require high levels of muscle force and anaerobic work rates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between isokinetic muscle strength, high-level functional performance, and physiological parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Butcher¹,

Pikaluk²,

Chura³

et al. 2012

COPD

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“…Plantar Xexion force and EMG were analysed using MegaWin software (Mega Electronics LTD, Kuopio, Finland). Dynamic RFD (N s ¡1 ) was calculated from the 10-90% of peak force in the concentric phase of the lift (HoV et al 2007) and analysed using Bioware v3.06b software (Kistler, Switzerland). The plantar Xexion force was multiplied with the consistent moment arm length of 0.15 m (measured from the heel block to the centre of the force transducer) to attain torque.…”

Section: Electromyography and Force Recordingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emphasis was put on lowering the weight in a controlled manner until the knee joints were at 90°, short stop (»0.5 s) and then maximal mobilisation of force in the concentric movement with the movement ending in a plantar Xexion. This is a common type of training exercise in our laboratory (HoV et al 2007;Storen et al 2008). The training load corresponded to 85-90% of 1RM, and to stay within this range it was increased by 5-10 kg when the target repetitions could be completed for all sets.…”

Section: Training Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional maximal strength training induces neural transfer to single-joint tasks

et al. 2009

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The purpose of this study was to investigate whether neural adaptations following functional multiple-joint leg press training can induce neural adaptations to the plantar flexor muscles in a single-joint contraction task. Subjects were randomised to a maximal strength training (MST) (n = 10) or a control group (n = 9). MST consisted of 24 sessions (8 weeks) of 4 x 4 repetitions of horizontal leg press using maximal intended velocity in the concentric phase with the movement ending in a plantar flexion. Neural adaptations in the soleus and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) were assessed by surface electromyographic activity and V-waves during maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and also by H-reflexes in the soleus during rest and 20% MVIC. One repetition maximum leg press increased by 44 +/- 14% (mean +/- SD; P < 0.01). Plantar flexion MVIC increased by 20 +/- 14% (P < 0.01), accompanied by 13 +/- 19% (P < 0.05) increase in soleus, but not GM surface electromyography. Soleus V/M(SUP) increased by 53 +/- 66% and in GM by 59 +/- 64% (P < 0.05). Normalised soleus H-reflexes remained unchanged by training. No changes occurred in the control group. These results suggest that leg press MST can induce neural adaptations in a single-joint plantar flexion MVIC task.

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“…No authors reported adverse effects of the training despite some interventions being of a high intensity (≥85% of 1RM). Improvements in maximal tidal volume and FEV1 in the studies by Clark et al 8 and Hof et al 24 respectively, were the only documented changes in pulmonary function parameters. Although FEV1 is important in the diagnosis of COPD, it cannot be reliably correlated with exercise capacity, dsypnea or HRQL.…”

Section: Pulmonary Rehabilitation Immobilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

COPD: Is there evidence to support a role for resistance training in improving measurable health-related quality of life in pulmonary rehabilitation?

Semple¹,

McKune

2007

S. Afr. j. sports med.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. As such, the disease places a significant burden on health care services. Although the pathogenesis of COPD is complex, progressive airflow limitation and a chronic inflammatory response are two hallmark characteristics of the disease. In addition, systemic manifestations such as peripheral muscle dysfunction have recently received considerable attention in the literature. Pulmonary rehabilitation is an evidence-based multidisciplinary intervention that has been shown to produce clinically relevant outcomes. One important component of rehabilitation is exercise. With the majority of COPD patients presenting with muscle weakness and exercise intolerance, the inclusion of resistance training into a pulmonary rehabilitation programme would seem appropriate. Compared with other exercise/training modalities only a small number of studies have investigated the effects of resistance training in COPD patients. Although further research is required to identify the optimal mode, intensity and frequency, it appears that resistance training may prove to be a valuable intervention for COPD patients enrolled in pulmonary rehabilitation programmes.

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Maximal Strength Training of the Legs in COPD

Abstract: In combination with the observed improvement in FEV1, these data certainly support the therapeutic role for MST in the treatment of COPD.

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

Associations between isokinetic muscle strength, high-level functional performance, and physiological parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Associations between isokinetic muscle strength, high-level functional performance, and physiological parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Functional maximal strength training induces neural transfer to single-joint tasks

COPD: Is there evidence to support a role for resistance training in improving measurable health-related quality of life in pulmonary rehabilitation?

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