Maximal power production as a function of sex and training status

Miller, Ryan M.; Freitas, Eduardo; Heishman, Aaron D.; Kaur, Japneet; Kozioł, Karolina; Galletti, Bianca A.R.; Bemben, Michael G.

doi:10.5114/biolsport.2018.78904

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Further, biomechanical analysis (differences in upper limbs joint angles and moment arms) and electromyography of the lifting technique were not recorded, and no direct physiological variables were assessed which could help explain the obtained results. As the power production and muscular activity patterns relate to sex and training status, the findings of this study should be generalized with caution (Gołaś et al, 2018;Miller et al, 2019). Therefore, future studies should provide a detailed comparison of the velocity-load relationship in the multi-set bench press exercise protocols with a cambered and standard bar, in a large number of experienced strengthtrained athletes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Can the Cambered Bar Enhance Acute Performance in the Bench Press Exercise?

et al. 2020

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The main goal of this study was to assess the impact of the cambered bar (CB) during the bench press exercise on power output and bar velocity when compared to a standard bar (SB). Ten healthy strength-trained men (age = 27.9 ± 3.7 years; body mass = 90.1 ± 12.5 kg; resistance training experience = 6.5 ± 2.7 years; bench press one-repetition maximum (1RM) = 118.5 ± 21 kg) performed a single set of 3 repetitions of the bench press exercise with an SB and a CB at 50%1RM to assess differences in peak power output (PP), mean power output (MP), peak bar velocity (PV), and mean bar velocity (MV), range of motion (ROM), and positive work time under load (TUL) between conditions. The t-test indicated significantly higher mean ROM for the cambered bar in comparison to the standard bar (52.7 vs. 44.9 cm; P < 0.01; ES = 1.40). Further, there was a significantly higher PP (907 vs. 817 W; P < 0.01; ES = 0.35), MP (556 vs. 496 W; P < 0.01; ES = 0.46), PV (1.24 vs. 1.14 m/s; P < 0.01; ES = 0.35) and MV (0.89 vs. 0.82 m/s; P < 0.01; ES = 0.34) for the CB condition when compared to the SB. A significantly longer TUL for the CB was observed, when compared to the SB (1.89 vs. 1.51 s; P < 0.01; ES = 1.38). The results of this study showed that the CB significantly increased power output and bar velocity in the bench press exercise at 50%1RM compared to the SB. Therefore, the additional ROM, made possible through the use of the CB, allows for the acceleration of the bar through a significantly longer displacement, which has a positive impact on power output. However, a simultaneous increase in TUL may cause higher fatigue when the bench press is performed with the CB compared to the SB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Can the Cambered Bar Enhance Acute Performance in the Bench Press Exercise?

et al. 2020

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“…Although the 1RM is commonly used in resistance exercise methodology, previous testing procedures to assess 1RM in a standardized manner do not provide specific guidelines related to the movement tempo or the duration of particular phases of the exercise (eccentricconcentric) (Mike et al, 2017;Seo et al, 2012; Journal of Human Kinetics -volume 72/2020 http://www.johk.pl et al, 2018a), which can be problematic in terms of using different tempos in the periodization process. Furthermore, some previous studies showed that maximal strength and power output production depend on training status (Miller et al, 2018) and motivation (Maszczyk et al, 2019(Maszczyk et al, , 2020. Movement tempo is often defined as the pace, cadence or lifting speed of a resistance exercise (Wilk et al, 2018a(Wilk et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Movement Tempo on the One-Repetition Maximum Bench Press Results

Wilk

Gołaś

Żmijewski

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Kinetics

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Different tempos of movement can be used during resistance training, but programming them is often a trial-and-error practice, as changing the speed at which the exercise is performed does not always correspond with the tempo at which the 1-repetition-maximum occurred. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of different movement tempos during the bench press (BP) exercise on the one-repetition maximum (1RM) load. Ninety men (age = 25.8 ± 5.3 years, body mass = 80.2 ± 14.9 kg), with a minimum one year of resistance training experience took part in the study. Using a randomized crossover design, each participant completed the BP 1RM test with five different movement tempos: V/0/V/0, 2/0/V/0, 5/0/V/0, 8/0/V/0 and 10/0/V/0. Repeated measures ANOVA compared the differences between the 1RM at each tempo. The 1RM load was significantly greater during V/0/V/0 and 2/0/V/0 compared to 5/0/V/0, 8/0/V/0, and 10/0/V/0 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the 1RM load was significantly greater during 5/0/V/0 compared to 8/0/V/0 and 10/0/V/0 (p < 0.01), but there were no differences between either V/0/V/0 and 2/0/V/0 (p = 0.92) or between 8/0/V/0 and 10/0/V/0 (p = 0.08). Therefore, different movement tempos used during training should be accompanied by their own tempo-specific 1RM testing, as slower eccentric phases significantly decrease maximal concentric performance. Furthermore, 1RM test procedures should include information about the movement tempo used during the test protocol. In addition, the standardization of the tempo should be taken into account in investigations that use the 1 RM test to assess the effects of any treatment on maximal muscle strength.

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“…This problem is very important due to the need to reduce the high frequency of injuries in the group of women compared to men [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 30 ]. This is especially important because the number of women involved in either professional or recreational sports has been significantly rising in recent years [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. In the present study, the analysis concerned strength abilities taking into consideration GH/IGF-1 axis hormone levels and collagen metabolism during the menstrual cycle in women involved in moderate-intensity physical activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the menstrual cycle on collagen metabolism, growth hormones and strength in young physically active women

Iwańska¹,

Kęska²,

Dadura³

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle on strength, functioning of the GH/IGF-1 axis and collagen metabolism in physically active women. Twenty-four physically active and eumenorrheic women volunteered to participate in the study (body mass 60.3 ± 9.18 kg, age 21.8 ± 0.92 years). Blood samples were obtained between the 5th and 8th days (the follicular phase) and between the 19th and 22th days (the luteal phase) of the menstrual cycle to determine sex steroid concentrations (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P)). Also insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and collagen metabolism markers (synthesis (PICP) and breakdown (ICTP)) and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) were measured. MVC was higher in the luteal phase 164.1 ± 34.77 [N m] (F(1.23) = 4.59; p = 0.043). The recorded collagen synthesis marker (PICP = 296.4 ± 35.61 [ng/ml]) was at the upper level of the reference range (30–300), with an insignificant decrease in the luteal phase (Z = 1.612; p = 0.107) and a significant increase in oestradiol concentration (Z = 4.286; p = 0.0001). The marker of collagen breakdown (ICTP = 4.16 ± 0.68 [μg/l]) was reduced by 6.8% in the same phase (Z = 1.764; p = 0.137). The variability of physical abilities (MVC) during the menstrual cycle showed that menstrual status should be taken into account in determination of the training loads. Increasing the load in the luteal phase seems to be favoured by a beneficial change in collagen metabolism (lower synthesis decrease, lower breakdown increase) observed in physically active women.

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Maximal power production as a function of sex and training status

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Can the Cambered Bar Enhance Acute Performance in the Bench Press Exercise?

Can the Cambered Bar Enhance Acute Performance in the Bench Press Exercise?

The Effects of the Movement Tempo on the One-Repetition Maximum Bench Press Results

The effect of the menstrual cycle on collagen metabolism, growth hormones and strength in young physically active women

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