Maximal Power at Different Percentages of One Repetition Maximum: Influence of Resistance and Gender

Abstract

National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes were tested to determine the load at which maximal mechanical output is achieved. Athletes performed power testing at 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70% of individual 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the squat jump, bench press, and hang pull exercises. Additionally, hang pull power testing was performed using free-form (i.e., barbell) and fixed-form (i.e., Smith machine) techniques. There were differences between genders in optimal power output during the squat jump (30-40% of 1RM for men; 30-50% of 1RM for women) and bench throw (30% of 1RM for men; 30-50% of 1RM for women) exercises. There were no gender or form interactions during the hang pull exercise; maximal power output during the hang pull occurred at 30-60% of 1RM. In conclusion, these results indicate that (a) gender differences exist in the load at which maximal power output occurs during the squat jump and bench throw; and (b) although no gender or form interactions occurred during the hang pull exercise, greater power could be generated during fixed-form exercise. In general, 30% of 1RM will elicit peak power outputs for both genders and all exercises used in this study, allowing this standard percentage to be used as a starting point in order to train maximal mechanical power output capabilities in these lifts in strength trained athletes.

Effect of Load Positioning on the Kinematics and Kinetics of Weighted Vertical Jumps

“…The jump squat has been used extensively by researchers to investigate the load-power relationship (4,5,9,13,35,36,38). The rationale for the extensive study is the thesis that the load which maximises power provides the most effective stimulus for power development (4) Initial results from studies investigating the load-power relationship with the jump squat reported that power was maximized with loads of 30 to 60% 1RM (4,35,36,38). However, more recent studies have consistently shown that power is maximized when vertical jumps are performed unloaded (5,8,9,13).…”

Efeito agudo dos extensores do joelho unilateral na cadeira extensora com e sem estímulos na plataforma vibratória

“…This figure was based in an average of numbers found in other studies [27][28][29] . Squat protocols based on Serravite et al 30 were followed: Platform On Group (POG) -6 series of 10 unilateral squats(90°) on a vibrating platform (30Hz; amplitude of 4 and 6 mm) and the dominant leg having to move every three seconds (Timer Globus  -Italy) reaching 30 seconds of vibration.…”

Good Practice Rules for the Assessment of the Force-Velocity Relationship in Isoinertial Resistance Exercises

“…Load, force and velocity can be paired and represented on a graph in different ways depending on the purpose, and their relationship can be represented by first-or second-degree polynomial models used to fit the data. For instance, a seconddegree power-load curve has been used for determining the load that maximizes power production (i.e., optimal load) (3)(4)(5)10). A first-degree velocity-load curve (6, 7) and a combination of second-degree force-velocity and loadvelocity curves (8) have been used for predicting the onerepetition maximum (1RM).…”