Maxillofacial fracture patterns in road traffic accidents

Abstract

Objective:The objective of this study is to analyze the maxillofacial fracture pattern from road traffic accidents (RTAs) in cases treated surgically in a tertiary hospital during July 2008–June 2018.Materials and Method:Data available in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of the institution of patients with maxillofacial fractures sustained due to RTAs that were treated in the department between the period July 2008 and June 2018 were collected and analyzed. The variables analyzed for the study were etiology, gender, age, and type of fracture. All cases were treated by open reduction and rigid internal fixation.Results:A total of 348 patients with maxillofacial fractures were diagnosed, of which 335 were male and 13 were female. The ages ranged from 7 to 70 years. The maximum cases were in the age group of 16–30 years with 181 fractures followed by 31–45 group with 133 fractures, 45–60 years with 21 fractures, 0–15 years with 8 fractures, and >60 years with five fractures. The maximum incidence of fractures was in the mandible with 168 cases followed by 92 in zygomatic complex, combination of fractures in 53 cases, 13 LeFort I fractures, nine frontal bone fractures, three fractures in other areas, five nasal fractures, and five LeFort II fractures. Males predominated the cases of mandibular fractures involving multiple sites and cases involving multiple bones.Conclusion:A maximum number of maxillofacial fractures cases were in the second and third decades of life, and the high-speed vehicles and lack of protective safety accessories such as helmets and seatbelts were responsible for the wide variety of pattern fractures of facial bones.

Facial fractures: Independent prediction of neurosurgical intervention

“…Most suffered orbital, nasal, and maxillary fractures in a distribution similar to the study done by Menon et al with patients sharing similar demographics. 4 Patients were not more likely to require intervention based on age, race, gender, mechanism of injury, or speci c radiologic ndings of edema, herniation, pneumocephalus, or laceration. As anticipated, those taken for intervention had lower GCS scores.…”

“…2,3 These include nasal bone, mandible, orbital, alveolar ridge, zygomatic, teeth, panfacial, isolated maxillary, and Le Fort type I-III fractures. [4][5][6] While facial fractures are often associated with injuries to nearby vital structures such as the airway, vasculature, and nerves, approximately half of facial fracture victims also present with concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI). [7][8][9][10] Depending on the severity, TBI may be di cult to detect using current technology, potentially delaying treatment and worsening prognosis for patients.…”

Facial Fractures: Independent Prediction of Neurosurgical Intervention

“…Most suffered orbital, nasal, and maxillary fractures in a distribution similar to the study done by Menon et al with patients sharing similar demographics. 25 Patients were not more likely to require intervention based on age, race, gender, mechanism of injury, or specific radiologic findings of edema, herniation, Fig. 3 Le Fort type 2, and panfacial fractures, and 3 fractures were common in the craniotomy, craniectomy, and burr hole group compared to the intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor-only group.…”

Diagnosis and Treatment of Midface Trauma in the Context of Polytrauma: Characteristics during COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions

“…High-level transverse fracture LeFort type III has a violent mechanism of production at the level of the glabella or from lateral. The trajectory of such a fracture passes through the vomer, upper third of the nasal bones, ascending arch of the maxillary, ethmoid bone, floor of the orbit, external orbital wall, upper third of the pterygoid plate, and zygomatic arch [16].…”