Maxillary labial frenum attachment in children

Boutsi, Elizabeth; Tatakis, Dimitris N.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-263x.2011.01121.x

Cited by 50 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The present study investigated the prevalence of different types of maxillary labial frenum attachment in 200 children of different ethnic backgrounds, aged 2-15 years old, in Malaysia. From this study, it was found that the most prevalent type of attachment was the mucosal type of attachment and this result is in accordance to the previous studies [15]. In contrast to previous studies done on Nepalese [16] and Brazilian [17] children, the most common type of frenal attachment was the gingival type and the least common was papillary penetrating type.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical Assessment of Frenum Morphology and Attachment in Malaysian Children

Pandiyan¹,

Hedge²

2018

Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr.

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To determine the prevalence of various types and attachment level of maxillary frenum in Malaysian children. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 200 children of age ranging from 2 to 15 years. Photographs of maxillary frenum were taken and their types and level of attachment were recorded by using Placek's classification and modified Sewerin typology. Children were divided into 3 groups based on age: between 2-5, 6-11 and 12-15 years. Descriptive analysis was carried out to determine the frequency of frenum types and level of attachment. The relationship of frenal attachment with gender, and age were studied. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation). Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: The most common type was mucosal type of attachment (75%) and the least common was papillary penetrating (4.5%) based on Placek's classification whereas for modified Sewerin's typology, simple frenum (73%) was the most prevalent, followed by simple with nodule frenum (11.5%). There was no significant difference in the frenum attachment between the two genders. Mucosal and gingival attachment was significantly higher in older age group whereas papillary and papillary penetrating was higher in younger age group. Conclusion: This study showed that attachment of frenum in children changes according to age and whereas gender plays no role in portraying the difference. Hence, clinicians must be able to identify the different types of MMLF during dental examination to avoid any unnecessary surgical interventions particularly during the period of development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical Assessment of Frenum Morphology and Attachment in Malaysian Children

Pandiyan¹,

Hedge²

2018

Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr.

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“…5,7 The significance of the higher proportion of type 2 in self-reported Asian and Hispanic patients in our cohort is unclear, however may reflect the small cohort size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The Superior Labial Frenulum in Newborns: What Is Normal?

Maria

Aby

Truong

et al. 2017

Global Pediatric Health

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Introduction and Objectives: There has been an emergence of procedures to release the superior labial frenula in infants, yet little is known about the normal appearance or incidence of severe attachment, or “lip-tie.” The objective of this article was to develop a classification system for superior labial frenula and to estimate the incidence of different degrees of attachment. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study. Newborns were examined and had photographs taken of their upper frenula. Relevant medical professionals rated the appearance of the labial frenula using a previously described Kotlow classification system. The raters assessed each photograph twice and were blinded to their previous rating and to other raters’ scores. Results: All newborns have a labial frenula, with most attached at the gingival margins (83%). Raters had poor intra- and interrater reliability (64% to 74% and 8%, respectively), using the Kotlow classification system, which improved when the classification system was simplified. Conclusions: The Kotlow classification of lip-tie fails to be reproducible by relevant experts. The majority of infants had a significant level of attachment of the labial frenulum. As more procedures are done to release the upper lip frenulum, it is important to understand what degree of attachment is normal, or more common.

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“…[ 13 ] The mucosal and gingival types of frenal attachment are more common in permanent dentition. [ 13 22 30 ] Midline diastema is the most common esthetic problem, and its prevalence ranges from 1.6% to 25.4%. [ 22 ] The aim of the study is to assess the most prevalent type of maxillary labial frenum based on its attachment site and morphology in Class I, Class II, Class III skeletal participants and its association with midline diastema.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of variations in morphology and attachment of maxillary labial frenum in various skeletal patterns - A cross-sectional study

Rajani

Biswas

Emmatty

2018

J Indian Soc Periodontol

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Background:Maxillary labial frenum is a dynamic structure with a diverse morphology. Although an abnormal labial frenum is associated with syndromic and nonsyndromic conditions, it is often been neglected during the routine intraoral examination. The significance of various types of frenum (normal to abnormal), based on the attachment site and morphology in different skeletal patterns, has not been studied yet.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in a clinical setting on 150 participants (50 each in Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal pattern) within the age group of 13–30 years. Frenum was examined by direct visual method and intraoral photographs were taken for all the participants.Results:Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used. No gender-wise differences were found among the various frenum typologies. Mucosal type was the most prevalent in Class I and II and gingival type in Class III. Simple frenum was the common type in all the three groups. However, abnormal frenum categories based on its location and morphology were more in class III and found to be statistically significant. Papillary and papillary penetrating types are significantly associated with skeletal class III pattern and midline diastema (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of papillary and papillary penetrating types of frenum are significantly more in Class III skeletal pattern. A labial frenum that is attached close to the gingival margin could be an etiological factor in midline diastema, mucogingival problems, and affect the growth of the alveolar process. Hence, an early diagnosis of abnormal frenum prevents the emergence of periodontal as well as orthodontic problems.

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Maxillary labial frenum attachment in children

Abstract: The results of this study suggest that, in children, ethnic background and gender are not associated with maxillary labial frenum attachment type, whereas age is strongly associated.

Cited by 50 publications

References 7 publications

Clinical Assessment of Frenum Morphology and Attachment in Malaysian Children

Clinical Assessment of Frenum Morphology and Attachment in Malaysian Children

The Superior Labial Frenulum in Newborns: What Is Normal?

Prevalence of variations in morphology and attachment of maxillary labial frenum in various skeletal patterns - A cross-sectional study

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