Maxillary and Sinus Implant Reconstructions

Prevalence, risk factors, and repair mechanism of different forms of sinus membrane perforations in lateral window sinus lift procedure: A retrospective cohort study

“…Iatrogenic perforation of the maxillary sinus membrane during the membrane elevation procedure using the lateral window technique has been reported to be the most frequent intraoperative complication of sinus floor augmentation surgery 1–7 . Successfully elevated and intact sinus membranes represent the intrasinusoidal coverage of the maxillary sinus augmentation graft material 8–10 . However, perforation of the sinus membrane may allow for graft displacement/migration and also graft contamination resulting in postoperative complications such as maxillary sinusitis and or graft necrosis/infection 2–4,11–16 …”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Successfully elevated and intact sinus membranes represent the intrasinusoidal coverage of the maxillary sinus augmentation graft material. [8][9][10] However, perforation of the sinus membrane may allow for graft displacement/migration and also graft contamination resulting in postoperative complications such as maxillary sinusitis and or graft necrosis/infection. [2][3][4][11][12][13][14][15][16] Several reports have described patient-related risk factors, such as smoking, age/gender, and surgery-related/anatomic risk factors, with sinus anatomy, presence of maxillary sinus septa, reduced residual ridge height, sinus membrane thickness, gingival phenotype and use of rotary instruments having been identified as risk factors affecting sinus membrane perforation.…”

Radiographic assessment of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and collagen‐stabilized DBBM for transalveolar sinus floor elevation: A 2‐year retrospective cohort study

“…The transalveolar sinus floor elevation (TSFE) was first proposed by Tatum in 1986 and then modified by Summers 5,6 . The transalveolar technique has some advantages such as less trauma, simplified operation, and less morbidity, which is more patient‐friendly as compared to the lateral window approach 2,7 .…”

“…3,4 The transalveolar sinus floor elevation (TSFE) was first proposed by Tatum in 1986 and then modified by Summers. 5,6 The transalveolar technique has some advantages such as less trauma, simplified operation, and less morbidity, which is more patient-friendly as compared to the lateral window approach. 2,7 It is particularly suitable for single tooth gaps with sufficient bone width and a minimal residual bone height of 5 mm, and when the radiograph shows the sinus floor with a flat configuration.…”

Influence of maxillary antrolith on the clinical outcome of implants placed simultaneously with osteotome sinus floor elevation: A retrospective radiographic study

“…Two of the most common factors hindering the placement of implants in the posterior maxilla are reduced bone height and low bone density 11 . Tatum 12 developed the trans‐alveolar approach to sinus floor elevation as a less invasive alternative to the lateral window technique. This method was later modified by Summers 13 and has undergone continual improvement since that time 14–16 .…”