MAX-DOAS observation in the midlatitude marine boundary layer: Influences of typhoon forced air mass

Zhang, Ruifeng; Wang, Shanshan; Zhang, Sanbao; Xue, Ruibin; Zhu, Jinying; Zhou, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2021.12.010

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Compared with the relevant studies on the ECS nearshore before the pandemic [85], NO 2 in the troposphere is more prominent in the high-value part (>9 × 10 15 molec/cm 2 ) in this study. On the one hand, the accumulation of ships in ports is one of the reasons.…”

Section: Optical Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…NO2 on the surface may not only affect NO2 in the upper troposphere via convection, but may also affect other compositions in the upper troposphere. Compared with the relevant studies on the ECS nearshore before the pandemic [85], NO2 in the troposphere is more prominent in the high-value part (>9 × 10 15 molec/cm 2 ) in this study. On the one hand, the accumulation of ships in ports is one of the reasons.…”

Section: Optical Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 76%

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Characteristics of Air Pollutant Distribution and Sources in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in Spring Based on Multiple Observation Methods

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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The composition of marine aerosol is quite complex, and its sources are diverse. Across the East China Sea (ECS) and the Yellow Sea (YS), multi-dimensional analysis of marine aerosols was conducted. The characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols and gaseous pollutants were explored through in situ ship-based observation, MERRA-2 reanalysis datasets and TROPOMI data from Sentinel-5P satellite. Black carbon (BC)’s average concentration is 1.35 ± 0.78 μg/m3, with high-value BC observed during the cruise. Through HYSPLIT trajectory analysis, sources of BC were from the northern Eurasian continent, the Shandong Peninsula, the ECS and Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO). The transport of marine sources like ship emissions cannot be ignored. According to the absorption Angstrom exponent (AAE), BC originates from biomass burning (BB) in the shortwave band (~370 nm) and from fossil fuel combustion in the longwave band (~660 nm). Organic carbon (OC), sulfate (SO42−) and BC report higher Angstrom exponent (AE) while dust and sea salt reveal lower AE, which can be utilized to classify the aerosols as being fine- or coarse-mode, respectively. OC has the highest AE (ECS: 1.98, YS: 2.01), indicating that anthropogenic activities could be a significant source. The process of biomass burning aerosol (BBA) mixed with sea salt could contribute to the decline in BBA’s AE. Ship emissions may affect the distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the ECS, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tropospheric NO2 over the YS has the highest value (up to 12 × 1015 molec/cm2). Stratospheric NO2 has a ladder-like distribution from north to south, and the variation gradient was lower than that in the troposphere. Carbon monoxide (CO) accumulates in the south and east of the ECS and the east of the YS, while the variation over the eastern YS is relatively frequent. Seas near the Korean Peninsula have extremely high CO concentration (up to 1.35 × 1017 molec/cm2).

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Section: Optical Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Optical Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 76%

Characteristics of Air Pollutant Distribution and Sources in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in Spring Based on Multiple Observation Methods

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Detailed descriptions of all methods and materials are presented in the Supplementary material. Briefly, the observation of BrO, NO 2 and aerosol were performed by MAX-DOAS instrument in the field measurements in July 2018 at the Huaniao Island site in the MBL of ECS [ 39 ] ( Text S3 ). The spectral analysis and profile retrieval are descried in Text S4 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoon- and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

Wang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

National Science Review

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Tropospheric reactive bromine is important for atmospheric chemistry, regional air pollution, and global climate. Previous studies have reported measurements of atmospheric reactive bromine species in different environments, and proposed their main sources, e.g. sea-salt aerosol (SSA), oceanic biogenic activity, polar snow/ice, and volcanoes. Typhoons and other strong cyclonic activities (e.g. hurricanes) induce abrupt changes in different earth system processes, causing widespread destructive effects. However, the role of typhoons in regulating reactive bromine abundance and sources remains unexplored. Here, we report field observations of bromine oxide (BrO), a critical indicator of reactive bromine, on the Huaniao Island (HNI) in the East China Sea in July 2018. We observed high levels of BrO below 500 m with a daytime average of 9.7 ± 4.2 pptv and a peak value of ∼26 pptv under the influence of a typhoon. Our field measurements, supported by model simulations, suggest that the typhoon-induced drastic increase in wind speed amplifies the emission of SSA, significantly enhancing the activation of reactive bromine from SSA debromination. We also detected enhanced BrO mixing ratios under high NOx conditions (ppbv level) suggesting a potential pollution-induced mechanism of bromine release from SSA. Such elevated levels of atmospheric bromine noticeably increase ozone destruction by as much as ∼40% across the East China Sea. Considering the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the northern hemisphere, reactive bromine chemistry is expected to play a more important role than previously thought in affecting coastal air quality and atmospheric oxidation capacity. We suggest that models need to consider the hitherto overlooked typhoon- and pollution-mediated increase in reactive bromine levels when assessing the synergic effects of cyclonic activity on the earth system.

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“…The Chongming site is on the Chongming Island (31.50°N, 121.82°E) of Shanghai, which is China's third largest island and located in Yangtze River estuary. The instruments in these two suburban sites (Dianshan Lake and Chongming) are operated in the same way as that in the Nanhui site, except with a fixed azimuth angle at 5° (Zhang et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2022a;Zhang et al, 2022b;Zhu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Max-doas Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary material to "POMINO-GEMS: A Research Product for Tropospheric NO₂ Columns from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer"

Zhang¹,

Lin²,

Kim³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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MAX-DOAS observation in the midlatitude marine boundary layer: Influences of typhoon forced air mass

Cited by 7 publications

References 73 publications

Characteristics of Air Pollutant Distribution and Sources in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in Spring Based on Multiple Observation Methods

Characteristics of Air Pollutant Distribution and Sources in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in Spring Based on Multiple Observation Methods

Typhoon- and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

Supplementary material to "POMINO-GEMS: A Research Product for Tropospheric NO₂ Columns from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer"

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MAX-DOAS observation in the midlatitude marine boundary layer: Influences of typhoon forced air mass

Cited by 7 publications

References 73 publications

Characteristics of Air Pollutant Distribution and Sources in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in Spring Based on Multiple Observation Methods

Characteristics of Air Pollutant Distribution and Sources in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in Spring Based on Multiple Observation Methods

Typhoon- and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

Supplementary material to "POMINO-GEMS: A Research Product for Tropospheric NO2 Columns from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer"

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Supplementary material to "POMINO-GEMS: A Research Product for Tropospheric NO₂ Columns from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer"