Maturity and Stability Evaluation of Composted Yard Trimmings

Brewer, Linda J.; Sullivan, Dan M.

doi:10.1080/1065657x.2003.10702117

Cited by 147 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Compost maturity is an important factor affecting the successful application of composts for agricultural purposes (14,15) and their general marketability (16). In addition, maturity is a term used to indicate the level of phytotoxic substances in composts and compost suitability for plant growth (17)(18)(19). In fact, stability is a word associated with the resistance of various organic matters of a product against extensive degradation or toward major microbiological activity and maturity describes the ability of a product to be used efficiently in agriculture and is related to the growth of plants and to phytotoxicity aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Application of unstable or immature compost may inhibit seed germination, reduce plant growth, and damage crops by competing for their oxygen or causing phytotoxicity to plants due to insufficient biodegradation of organic matter (18,20,21). Therefore, only the use of mature compost can guarantee its employment in agriculture without any damaging effect to both soil and plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturity and Stability Evaluation of Composted Municipal Solid Wastes

et al. 2016

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Background: Composting process is a feasible biological treatment for the recycling of municipal solid wastes as a soil amendment. The principal requirement of compost for it to be safely used in soil is a high degree of stability or maturity, which implies stable organic matter content as well as the absence of phytotoxic compounds and plant or animal pathogens. Objectives: At the present study, the maturity and stability of composted municipal solid wastes at a biocompost plant was evaluated. Materials and Methods: For the assessment of compost maturity, important parameters including temperature, moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, microbial parameters including Salmonella, total and fecal coliforms were measured during the composting process (80 days). In addition, phytotoxicity as seed germination index and heavy metals concentration (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb) was determined at the end of the composting time. Results:The results showed that the C/N ratio decreased during the composting process (reached to 15.6) due to the loss of carbon and the increase in nitrogen content per unit material; also, the NH 4 + /NO 3 ratio decreased with increase in the time of composting and reached

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturity and Stability Evaluation of Composted Municipal Solid Wastes

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, compost II can be considered as initially mature, because the C/N ratio decreased by 20%. Mathur et al [21] and Brewer and Sulliwan [39] reported that C/N between 12 and 20 indicated maturity of the composted mass, although some authors consider compost to be mature when C/N is below 12 [40] or 15 [41].…”

Section: Dry Matter C Organic and C/n In The Solid Fraction Of Lignomentioning

confidence: 99%

Composts and Water Extracts of Lignocellulosic Composts in the Aspect of Fertilization, Humus-Forming, Sanitary, Phytosanitary and Phytotoxicity Value Assessment

Bohacz

2018

Waste Biomass Valor

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Purpose Lignocellulosic biomass waste is produced in large quantities and only a small part is used for utility purposes. The aim of the work was to assess the fertilization value of the solid fraction and water extract of lignocellulosic composts. Methods Compost I contained 42.86% pine bark, 34.28% grass, 20.0% sawdust and 2.86% chicken feathers; compost II contained 25.54% pine bark, 10.63% wheat straw, 51.07% sawdust and 12.76% chicken feathers. Seldom described physical properties and phytosanitary and sanitary status of composts as well as macro-and micronutrients and heavy metals concentrations were determined in the solid fraction and water extracts of composts and their impact on the germination of Lepidium sativum L. using PC analysis. Results Composts were characterized by good physical properties and a light product, safe phytosanitary status, which was related to the prevalence of potentially antagonistic fungi, especially in compost II. The frequency of Aspergillus fumigatus, considered an opportunistic human pathogen, decreased during the composting. Heavy metal concentrations did not exceed permissible values for improvers and cultivation media in the solid and aqueous compost fractions. The tested composts were sanitary safe. Both composts were non-toxic to plants, because the germination index in compost I was PCA analysis demonstrated that the majority of micro-and macronutrients and heavy metals had a significantly negative effect on root elongation and germination of the test plant (cress) seeds, especially in compost I. Conclusions Lignocellulosic waste after composting is a valuable and safe organic fertilizer.

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“…During this stage, the biologically resistant substrates such as lignocellulose and lignin are degraded. The maturation phase of composting has a large bearing on the suitability of the end product for a particular use (Brewer & Sullivan, 2003;Wilkinson et al, 2009). Many authors have defined various optima for the composting process, including a carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) of between 25:1 and 30:1, moisture content within the range of 50-60% (w/w), porosity of 35-45% and oxygen levels of >10% by volume (Table 1).…”

Section: Brief Comparison With Conventional Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Farm Composting of Dead Stock

Wilkinson¹

2011

Integrated Waste Management - Volume II

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Maturity and Stability Evaluation of Composted Yard Trimmings

Cited by 147 publications

References 14 publications

Maturity and Stability Evaluation of Composted Municipal Solid Wastes

Maturity and Stability Evaluation of Composted Municipal Solid Wastes

Composts and Water Extracts of Lignocellulosic Composts in the Aspect of Fertilization, Humus-Forming, Sanitary, Phytosanitary and Phytotoxicity Value Assessment

On-Farm Composting of Dead Stock

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