Mature forest shows little increase in carbon uptake in a CO2-enriched atmosphere

Luo, Yiqi; Niu, Shuli

doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00962-0

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…S22) could partly explain the global decreases of the GPP response to CO 2 . Consistent with our findings, a recent study using the FACE experiments on mature forests found a relatively low CO 2 effect on GPP (41), possibly because the LAI of these forests did not change much (39). Second, the CO 2 effect on photo-synthesis at the leaf level involves both the stimulation of carboxylation and increases in water use efficiency (WUE).…”

Section: A B Csupporting

confidence: 90%

“…From a theoretical perspective, the global declines of CFE may result from several factors. First, given that the CO 2 -induced photosynthesis stimulation at the leaf level is scaled up to the canopy level through LAI (39,40), the declining b on the basis of satellite LAI (fig. S22) could partly explain the global decreases of the GPP response to CO 2 .…”

Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent global decline of CO ₂ fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Science

413

214

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The enhanced vegetation productivity driven by increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) [i.e., the CO2 fertilization effect (CFE)] sustains an important negative feedback on climate warming, but the temporal dynamics of CFE remain unclear. Using multiple long-term satellite- and ground-based datasets, we showed that global CFE has declined across most terrestrial regions of the globe from 1982 to 2015, correlating well with changing nutrient concentrations and availability of soil water. Current carbon cycle models also demonstrate a declining CFE trend, albeit one substantially weaker than that from the global observations. This declining trend in the forcing of terrestrial carbon sinks by increasing amounts of atmospheric CO2 implies a weakening negative feedback on the climatic system and increased societal dependence on future strategies to mitigate climate warming.

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Section: A B Csupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent global decline of CO ₂ fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Science

413

214

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“…Forest plays a very important and unique critical role in terrestrial carbon sequestration and slowing down global warming [ 40 , 41 , 42 ]. In this study, forestland had the highest annual NPP from the spatial distribution map of land use ( Figure 5 ) and the spatial distribution map of annual NPP ( Figure 3 a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Analysis of the Effects of Land Use and Climate Change on Carbon Dynamics in the Wuhan City Circle Area

Liu

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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In a climate and land use change context, the sequestration of atmospheric carbon in urban agglomeration is key to achieving carbon emission and neutrality targets. It is thus critical to understand how various climate and land use changes impact overall carbon sequestration in large-scale city circle areas. As the largest urban agglomeration in central China, carbon dynamics in the Wuhan City Circle area have been deeply affected by rapid urbanization and climate change in the past two decades. Here, we applied monthly climate data, spatially explicit land use maps, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) images and the CASA (Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach) model to estimate the spatial and temporal changes of carbon dynamics in the Wuhan City Circle area from 2000 to 2015. We designed six different scenarios to analyze the effects of climate change and land use change on carbon dynamics. Our simulation of NPP (Net Primary Productivity) increased from 522.63 gC × m−2 to 615.82 gC × m−2 in the Wuhan City Circle area during 2000–2015. Climate change and land use change contributed to total carbon sequestration by −73.3 × 1010 gC and 480 × 1010 gC, respectively. Both precipitation and temperature had a negative effect on carbon sequestration, while radiation had a positive effect. In addition, the positive effect on carbon sequestration from afforestation was almost equal to the negative effect from urbanization between 2000 and 2015. Importantly, these findings highlight the possibility of carrying out both rapid urbanization and ecological restoration simultaneously.

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“…With this effect, forests' increasing productivity offsets some of the CO 2 emissions, potentially mitigating climate change to some extent. However, while this effect seems to be prominent for young trees, its potential impact on mature trees is still questionable, a fact that is related to the tree's carbon-use efficiency, which is higher in young individuals than in mature ones (Luo and Niu, 2020).…”

Section: Land and Forest Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rio (1992) to Glasgow (2021): Three decades of inadequate mitigation of climate change and its slow onset effects

Stavi

2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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This study reviews the global increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), alongside the accelerated climatic change and its slow onset effects (or events) between 1992 and 2021. The establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992, and the simultaneous UN Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, generated the international efforts to tackle climatic change. Over the years, the UNFCCC-Conference of the Parties (COP) has led the efforts in climate change mitigation and adaptation, with many sequential meetings across the world. Three decades later, at the COP26 meeting in Glasgow in 2021, it is evident that climate change impacts have substantially worsened. Despite some uncertainties, it seems that over the last three decades, the climate change slow onset events, including 1) increasing temperatures, 2) glacial retreat, 3) sea level rise, 4) ocean acidification, 5) soil salinization, 6) land and forest degradation, 7) loss of biodiversity, and 8) desertification, have substantially exacerbated. Simultaneously, other (non-GHGs related) anthropogenic impacts, including habitat fragmentation, land-use and sea-use change and misuse, species overexploitation, environmental pollution, infrastructure constructions, and urbanization, have considerably increased. With the aim of achieving the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways 1.9 (SSP1-1.9) or SSP1-2.6 ultimate goals—keeping global warming in 2,100 below 1.5°C or 2.0°C, respectively, compared to preindustrial levels—it may still be possible to avoid climate change’s irreversible tipping points. To reach this target, policymaking must become more decisive and proactive, with continuous risks assessment, frequent monitoring of outcomes and their compatibility to goals, implementing practical legislation tools, and assigning specific financial instruments, aimed at effectively tackling climate change slow onset events and related environmental issues. Substantial efforts should be invested in boosting climate change mitigation, while simultaneously targeting effective climatic change adaptation measures and promoting environmental conservation and restoration. Relying on tools such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will sustain provisioning, supporting, regulating, and cultural ecosystem services, thus improving water-, food-, environmental-, energy-, economic-, health-, and governance-security, while lessening the risks of social unrest, violent conflicts, mass migration, and other humanitarian catastrophes.

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Mature forest shows little increase in carbon uptake in a CO2-enriched atmosphere

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Recent global decline of CO ₂ fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Recent global decline of CO ₂ fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Simulation and Analysis of the Effects of Land Use and Climate Change on Carbon Dynamics in the Wuhan City Circle Area

Rio (1992) to Glasgow (2021): Three decades of inadequate mitigation of climate change and its slow onset effects

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Mature forest shows little increase in carbon uptake in a CO2-enriched atmosphere

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Recent global decline of CO 2 fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Recent global decline of CO 2 fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Simulation and Analysis of the Effects of Land Use and Climate Change on Carbon Dynamics in the Wuhan City Circle Area

Rio (1992) to Glasgow (2021): Three decades of inadequate mitigation of climate change and its slow onset effects

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Recent global decline of CO ₂ fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis

Recent global decline of CO ₂ fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis