Maturation of forest edges is constrained by neighbouring agricultural land management

Chabrerie, Olivier; Jamoneau, Aurélien; Gallet‐Moron, Emilie; Decocq, Guillaume

doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01449.x

Cited by 51 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…Entretanto, Chabrerie et al (2012), ao avaliar o impacto da intensidade do cultivo no entorno de fragmentos florestais, constataram haver substituição das espécies locais por espécies calcífilas e nitrófilas na borda de áreas avaliadas, em resposta a sistemas de cultivos de maior intensidade. Isso é representativo do processo de eutrofização do solo em virtude da entrada de cálcio oriundo das áreas de cultivo.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Trabalhos recentes concluem que, independentemente do tamanho dos fragmentos, as áreas de borda são mais vulneráveis ao uso do solo adjacente a elas e apresentam alterações de grande importância na fertilidade do solo (Duncan et al, 2008;Chabrerie et al, 2012;Didham et al 2015). Dessa forma, a adoção de barreiras físicas (Didham et al, 2015) e de práticas agrícolas que permitam o menor movimento do solo, a exemplo do plantio direto, pode ser importante ferramenta na conservação da biodiversidade em paisagens agrícolas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Cada uma das variáveis foi comparada de forma pareada entre os sítios de mesma escala de tamanho. Os métodos aqui utilizados têm sido exercitados em trabalhos recentes (Duncan et al, 2008;Chabrerie et al, 2012;Didham et al, 2015), atendendo com acurácia à análise dos dados obtidos.…”

Section: +unclassified

“…Esses efeitos atuam em resposta à interação entre o ambiente natural e o antropizado, e pode alterar padrões e processos bióticos e abióticos (Bierregaard Jr. et al, 1992). O grau de severidade desses efeitos está diretamente ligado à intensidade do manejo adotado, que depende da quantidade de insumos aplicados e das práticas de mobilização do solo nas áreas adjacentes ao fragmento, que atuam sobre os processos que ocorrem a partir da borda dos remanescentes de vegetação nativa (Chabrerie et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Eutrofização de solos e comunidade arbórea em fragmentos de uma paisagem agrícola

Uzêda

Fidalgo

Moreira

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da eutrofização do solo em fragmentos remanescentes de vegetação nativa sobre a comunidade florística de arbóreas em paisagens agrícolas. Foram amostrados oito sítios de vegetação arbórea na Mata Atlântica, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, em pares formados de acordo com o uso do solo em seu entorno -intensivo (UI) ou extensivo (UE) -e com diferentes tamanhos: dois fragmentos pequenos, com cerca de 10 ha; dois médios, com 30 ha; dois grandes, com 100 ha; e outros dois sítios localizados dentro de uma área contínua de floresta. Um conjunto de parâmetros bióticos e de solos, além de métricas da paisagem, foi obtido e analisado segundo duas hipóteses: H01, a fertilidade do solo dos remanescentes naturais adjacentes a áreas agrícolas de uso intensivo é alterada; e H02, a eutrofização do solo dos remanescentes naturais adjacentes a áreas agrícolas de uso intensivo altera a composição da sua comunidade de arbóreas. Os teores de cálcio foram cerca de sete vezes maiores nos sítios adjacentes a UI, quando comparados aos fragmentos adjacentes a UE. Os teores de fósforo foram de 1,5 a 2,5 vezes maiores nos fragmentos pequenos e médios adjacentes a áreas de UI. A análise de ordenamento evidenciou que P, K, Ca, luz difusa, abertura de dossel, relação área/perímetro e isolamento dos fragmentos explicam 59% da composição das comunidades arbóreas.Termos para indexação: deriva, ecologia de paisagens, efeito de borda, fertilidade, serviços ecossistêmicos. Soil eutrophication and tree community in patches of an agricultural landscapeAbstract -This objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of soil eutrophication in remaining patches of native vegetation on the floristic community of trees in agricultural landscapes. Eight sites of arboreal vegetation were sampled in the Atlantic Forest, in state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in pairs formed according to land use in their boundary -intensive (UI) or extensive (UE) -, and with different sizes: two small sites, with about 10 ha; two medium-sized ones, with 30 ha; two large ones, with 100 ha; and two sites located within a continuous forest area. A set of biotic and soil parameters, besides landscape metrics, was surveyed and analyzed considering two hypotheses: H01, soil fertility is changed in forest remnants next to areas of intensive agricultural use; and H02, soil eutrophication in forest remnants next to areas of intensive agricultural use changes the composition of its tree community. Calcium contents were about seven times higher in sites next to UI areas, in comparison with those next to UE areas. Phosphorous contents were 1.5 to 2.5 times higher in the small and medium-sized patches next to UI areas. The ordering analysis showed that P, K, Ca, diffuse light, canopy opening, area/perimeter ratio, and patch isolation account for 59% of the tree community composition.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: +unclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Eutrofização de solos e comunidade arbórea em fragmentos de uma paisagem agrícola

Uzêda

Fidalgo

Moreira

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Abruptness of created forest edges could potentially be related to the amount of tree mortality as a consequence of disturbance severity. For example, forest edges were more abrupt when adjacent areas were more intensively managed for agricultural purposes (Chabrerie et al 2013). Natural forest edges induced by wildfire were more pronounced than those created by a mountain pine beetle outbreak as a result of higher tree mortality in areas disturbed by fire (89%) compared to stands affected by the insect (43%) (McIntire and Fortin 2006).…”

Section: Edge Influence and Forest Influence On Vegetation Structurementioning

confidence: 97%

Structural dynamics at boreal forest edges created by a spruce budworm outbreak

Franklin¹,

Harper²,

Murphy³

2015

Silva Fenn.

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• Insect outbreak edges were 10 m wide with different canopy cover, stem density and tree structural diversity than adjacent ecosystems.• Although edge influence on forest structure was weak, forest influence was stronger and extended further, creating an edge zone skewed towards the disturbed area.• After thirty years, high-contrast and structurally-diverse transition zones persist on the landscape. AbstractNatural disturbances such as insect outbreaks create boundaries that influence vegetation patterns and ecological processes. To better understand the effects of natural edge creation on relatively intact forests and adjacent disturbed areas, we investigated forest structure on both sides of 30 year-old forest edges created by a spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) outbreak in the boreal forest of Cape Breton Highlands National Park, Canada. Our objectives were: 1) to determine edge influence (compared to interior forest) and forest influence (compared to disturbed areas) on vegetation structure, and 2) to gain insight into the structural development of the edges. Canopy cover, tree density, radial growth and deadwood were sampled in 5 m x 20 m plots along 120 m transects across six edges. Randomization tests were used to estimate the magnitude and distance of edge and forest influence. Narrow transition zones approximately 10 m wide characterized the spruce budworm-induced edges. Edge influence did not extend into the forest; however, forest influence on structure was detected up to 40 m from the edge into the disturbed area. We found evidence of the insect outbreak in the form of reduced radial growth during the disturbance across the entire disturbed area-forest gradient, which indicates that spruce budworm activity may not have ceased directly at the edge. Tree mortality caused by the insect outbreak resulted in snags, many of which have transformed into logs since the outbreak collapsed. Spruce budworm outbreak-induced forest edges are narrow but dynamic boundaries separating two distinct vegetation communities in the boreal landscape.

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Impact of land composition and configuration on the functional trait assembly of forest communities in southern Ontario

2019

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The conversion of natural lands to agricultural and urban areas is the leading cause of biodiversity loss worldwide, and an understanding of functional trait assembly pattern can help to mitigate the ecological implications of this loss. We use plant functional traits—characteristics of the plant that determine how they react to and interact with the surrounding ecosystem—to assess the impacts of landscape composition and configuration on plant community assembly patterns in the multiple‐use Credit River watershed, Southern Ontario. We examine functional patterns in metacommunities to uncover how eight landscape variables (including both agricultural and urban uses) affect community assembly patterns and which traits explain these assembly patterns. We find that landscape variables result in significant trait‐divergence assembly patterns at two spatial scales (1 and 10 km), which means that these forest communities are more functionally diverse than would be expected by chance. Additionally, the optimal functional traits that maximize divergence in the community are dependent on landscape variables. We discuss three mechanisms—limiting similarity, niche availability, disturbance—that might be responsible for the trait divergence observed. First, we propose that limiting similarity could lead to trait divergence through niche differentiation and thus coexistence of more traits. Second, we argue that mosaic landscapes provide multiple and diverse habitats in which more species, likely with differing functional traits, can occur. Finally, we discuss how disturbances could prevent dominant species from competitively excluding others, thus favoring coexistence of functional traits.

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Maturation of forest edges is constrained by neighbouring agricultural land management

Cited by 51 publications

References 62 publications

Eutrofização de solos e comunidade arbórea em fragmentos de uma paisagem agrícola

Eutrofização de solos e comunidade arbórea em fragmentos de uma paisagem agrícola

Structural dynamics at boreal forest edges created by a spruce budworm outbreak

Impact of land composition and configuration on the functional trait assembly of forest communities in southern Ontario

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