Maturation of Brain Function Associated With Response Inhibition

Tamm, Leanne; Menon, Vinod; Reiss, Allan L.

doi:10.1097/00004583-200210000-00013

Cited by 491 publications

(440 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It has been suggested that this increasingly focal engagement of cognitive control areas reflects a strengthening of connections within the control network, and of its projections to other regions (a claim consistent with data on increased connectivity among cortical areas with development; Liston et al, 2006). Improved performance on cognitive control tasks between childhood and adulthood is accompanied by two different functional changes: Between childhood and adolescence, there appears to be an increase in activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Adelman et al, 2002;Casey et al, 2000;Durston et al, 2002;Luna et al, 2001;Tamm et al, 2002;), consistent with the synaptic pruning and myelination of this region at this time. The period between adolescence and adulthood, in contrast, appears to be one of fine-tuning (rather than one characterized by an overall increase or decrease in activation; Brown et al, 2005), presumably facilitated by the more extensive connectivity within and across brain areas (Crone et al, 2006;Luna et al, 2001).…”

Section: Functional Changes In the Cognitive Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 74%

A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking

Steinberg¹

2008

Developmental Review

2,721

2,033

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This article proposes a framework for theory and research on risk-taking that is informed by developmental neuroscience. Two fundamental questions motivate this review. First, why does risktaking increase between childhood and adolescence? Second, why does risk-taking decline between adolescence and adulthood? Risk-taking increases between childhood and adolescence as a result of changes around the time of puberty in the brain's socio-emotional system leading to increased rewardseeking, especially in the presence of peers, fueled mainly by a dramatic remodeling of the brain's dopaminergic system. Risk-taking declines between adolescence and adulthood because of changes in the brain's cognitive control system -changes which improve individuals' capacity for selfregulation. These changes occur across adolescence and young adulthood and are seen in structural and functional changes within the prefrontal cortex and its connections to other brain regions. The differing timetables of these changes make mid-adolescence a time of heightened vulnerability to risky and reckless behavior.

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Section: Functional Changes In the Cognitive Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 74%

A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking

Steinberg¹

2008

Developmental Review

2,721

2,033

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“…The go/no-go task (Anderson et al 2005;Schweinsburg et al 2004b) was designed to assess inhibitory processing by asking participants to withhold a response to an infrequently occurring stimulus. Previous studies have observed activation in dorsolateral prefrontal, inferior frontal, anterior cingulate, and posterior parietal regions among adolescents using this task (Anderson et al 2005;Schweinsburg et al 2004a) and similar inhibition paradigms (Adleman et al 2002;Luna et al 2001;Tamm et al 2002). Based on findings of response inhibition among teenagers and marijuana-using adults, we predicted that abstinent marijuanausing adolescents would demonstrate increased prefrontal and decreased cingulate response compared to non-using controls during inhibition trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Functional MRI of inhibitory processing in abstinent adolescent marijuana users

et al. 2007

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“…The heteromodal nature of cognitive brain development is evident from studies of neurocognitive performance (6,7), functional imaging (functional MRI or positronemission tomography) (8)(9)(10), and electroencephalogram coherence studies (1,2,10). Prior imaging studies show regional nonlinear changes in gray matter (GM) density during childhood and adolescence with prepubertal increase followed by postpubertal loss (11)(12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood

Gogtay

Giedd

Lusk

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

4,657

254

3,724

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We report the dynamic anatomical sequence of human cortical gray matter development between the age of 4 -21 years using quantitative four-dimensional maps and time-lapse sequences. Thirteen healthy children for whom anatomic brain MRI scans were obtained every 2 years, for 8 -10 years, were studied. By using models of the cortical surface and sulcal landmarks and a statistical model for gray matter density, human cortical development could be visualized across the age range in a spatiotemporally detailed time-lapse sequence. The resulting time-lapse ''movies'' reveal that (i) higher-order association cortices mature only after lower-order somatosensory and visual cortices, the functions of which they integrate, are developed, and (ii) phylogenetically older brain areas mature earlier than newer ones. Direct comparison with normal cortical development may help understanding of some neurodevelopmental disorders such as childhood-onset schizophrenia or autism.H uman brain development is structurally and functionally a nonlinear process (1-3), and understanding normal brain maturation is essential for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders (4, 5). The heteromodal nature of cognitive brain development is evident from studies of neurocognitive performance (6, 7), functional imaging (functional MRI or positronemission tomography) (8-10), and electroencephalogram coherence studies (1, 2, 10). Prior imaging studies show regional nonlinear changes in gray matter (GM) density during childhood and adolescence with prepubertal increase followed by postpubertal loss (11)(12)(13)(14). The GM density on MRI is an indirect measure of a complex architecture of glia, vasculature, and neurons with dendritic and synaptic processes. Studies of GM maturation show a loss in cortical GM density over time (15,16), which temporally correlates with postmortem findings of increased synaptic pruning during adolescence and early adulthood (17-19). Here we present a study of cortical GM development in children and adolescents by using a brain-mapping technique and a prospectively studied sample of 13 healthy children (4-21 years old), who were scanned with MRI every 2 years for 8-10 years. Because the scans were obtained repeatedly on the same subjects over time, statistical extrapolation of points in between scans enabled construction of an animated time-lapse sequence (''movie'') of pediatric brain development. We hypothesized that GM development in childhood through early adulthood would be nonlinear as described before and would progress in a localized, region-specific manner coinciding with the functional maturation. We also predicted that the regions associated with more primary functions (e.g., primary motor cortex) would develop earlier compared with the regions that are involved with more complex and integrative tasks (e.g., temporal lobe).The result is a dynamic map of GM maturation in the pre-and postpubertal period. Our results, while highlighting the remarkable heterogeneity, show that the cortical GM development appears to f...

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Maturation of Brain Function Associated With Response Inhibition

Cited by 491 publications

References 38 publications

A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking

A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking

Functional MRI of inhibitory processing in abstinent adolescent marijuana users

Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood

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