Maturation of a constructed tidal marsh relative to two natural reference tidal marshes over 12 years

Havens, Kirk J.; Varnell, Lyle M.; Watts, Bryan D.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(01)00089-1

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…3 ), which represented a fraction of the total sediment volume sampled in all years. For analysis of species richness and associated indices, the initial sampling years were removed the data, as information available on samples did not allow for possible correction of data using other methods (e.g., rarefaction curves).…”

Section: Sampling Methodology: Benthic Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are some exceptions: a restored marsh in southern California supported equivalent levels of macrofaunal densities, species richness, and diversity as that of the nearby reference marsh in 19 months, although species composition remained different [15]. A strong correlation appears to exist between time since restoration and many benthic parameters, with older marshes showing more structural similarities to natural marshes [3] [10] [11] [16]- [19]. Within 5 to 10 years, some marshes reached equivalence of invertebrate communities with natural marshes or even surpassed them in some parameters such as species diversity or density [2] [3] [11] [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, in these instances, either the types of habitat present in the natural marsh did not correspond well with those created in the restored site, or the restoration reduced potential fish habitat. Rather than being driven by restoration, age of restoration, or native marsh status, several projects found that differences between fish assemblages depended on the marsh channels' physical structure (e.g., width, depth, slope of bank, marsh elevation), as well as hydrologic and environmental conditions, including hydroperiod, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and flow discharge [1]- [3] [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some New England marshes, the high marsh snail, Melampus bidentatus, took two decades to reach natural marsh densities [4]. This lack of convergence is attributed to a number of factors, including proximity to natural marshes that act as a source for invertebrate recolonization, elevation, belowground biomass of plants, macro-organic matter (MOM), soil organic C, total N, and substrate, with MOM sometimes considered one of the most important [3] [10]- [12] [14] [15] [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in the Food Web Linked to Restoration Effort Intensity and Watershed Conditions

Parsons¹,

Sanders²,

Ryan³

et al. 2015

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Many tidal wetland restoration projects have focused on changes in vegetation or avian communities to determine whether restoration efforts have been successful. However, a functioning restored ecosystem relies on complex interactions among organisms on every level of the food web. In 2008, more than 223 hectares (ha) of former dairy ranch were restored to tidal wetland in Tomales Bay, California. To evaluate changes, we monitored zooplankton, benthic invertebrate, and fish communities before and after restoration in the Project Area and several natural marshes. Zooplankton and benthic invertebrate communities differed from natural marshes prior to restoration, but began to converge with natural marshes after restoration in terms of species composition, richness, and diversity. Fish communities in the Project Area remained distinct from those of natural marshes after restoration, although abundance of non-native species decreased. In past studies, fish communities have changed more quickly than invertebrate ones. The divergent evolutionary path taken by this system may stem from differences in restoration approach. This project did not involve extensive excavation or fill with dredge spoil material, and this minimalistic approach may promote more rapid colonization by invertebrates, especially if source populations exist nearby. While convergence with natural marshes was an objective, rapid colonization may not be beneficial in this instance as natural marshes have turned out to be dominated by nonnative, opportunistic invertebrate species. Ultimately, success of restoration projects may be determined by factors extrinsic to the project itself such as climatic variability and prevalence of invasive species within watersheds.

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Section: Sampling Methodology: Benthic Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Changes in the Food Web Linked to Restoration Effort Intensity and Watershed Conditions

Parsons¹,

Sanders²,

Ryan³

et al. 2015

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show abstract

“…Though the general process for plant community succession in newly restored marshes is understood, the amount of time it takes for this process to fully restore marsh communities to those typical of natural marshes is less well known (Fell et al 1991). Differences between plant communities in removal and reference marshes have been detected several years (Darnell andSmith 2002, Morgan andShort 2002) and after many decades (Burd et al 1994, Havens et al 2002, Wolters et al 2005b, suggesting that plant communities are slow to reassemble.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invertebrate Community Composition Across Inundation Regimes and Its Potential to Reduce Plant Stress

Lawson¹

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Ecology, disturbance and restoration of coastal saltmarsh in Australia: a review

Laegdsgaard¹

2006

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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It is clear that saltmarshes are a unique and important component of the coastal biosphere of Australia. Their contribution ranges from stabilisation of fine sediments and providing an excellent protective buffer between land and sea, to their diverse blend of terrestrial and marine fauna. Further, saltmarsh plants are highly specialised and adapted to fill a harsh niche allowing them to act in roles that other vegetation types cannot. Saltmarsh habitats are recognised for their importance to migratory waders under the Ramsar convention, but it is becoming increasingly evident that they are also important to a variety of commercially valuable fish and native mammal species. Activities that are detrimental to saltmarshes continue and need to be addressed in order to conserve remaining saltmarsh areas. In general, urbanisation of the catchment has lead to filling of saltmarshes, tidal restriction, use by recreational vehicles, grazing, trampling and increased sedimentation and nutrient runnoff allowing colonisation and invasion of mangroves. These disturbances have a number of ecological consequences ranging from weed infestation to complete changes in the species composition and ecology. Reversing the disturbance is not always simple and can require extensive groundwork to be successful. Rehabilitation of existing saltmarsh areas has been a successful means to enhance this habitat. In general, it requires relatively little effort to remove weeds and fence off areas to regenerate naturally. Saltmarsh areas have been shown to respond well to this type of manipulation. Restoration and creation require substantial effort and planning to ensure a successful outcome. However, given the right environmental combinations of elevation, tide and salinity, saltmarsh will establish and grow. To speed the process transplantation of saltmarsh plants can be considered either from donor sites or plants propagated in green houses.

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Maturation of a constructed tidal marsh relative to two natural reference tidal marshes over 12 years

Cited by 40 publications

References 14 publications

Changes in the Food Web Linked to Restoration Effort Intensity and Watershed Conditions

Changes in the Food Web Linked to Restoration Effort Intensity and Watershed Conditions

Invertebrate Community Composition Across Inundation Regimes and Its Potential to Reduce Plant Stress

Ecology, disturbance and restoration of coastal saltmarsh in Australia: a review

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