Maturation Age of 55 Boys in the Little League World Series, 1957

Krogman, Wilton Marion

doi:10.1080/10671188.1959.10613007

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The classification criteria are similar to previous studies that used the difference between SA and CA to classify youth athletes in several sports into contrasting maturity categories (Krogman 1959;Rochelle et al 1961;Peñ a Reyes et al 1994;Malina et al 2004Malina et al , 2007a. The band of 91.0 year approximates standard deviations for SA within half-year CA groups in the Fels sample of boys 12Á16 years, 0.94Á1.26 years .…”

Section: Maturity Classificationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Youth soccer players, 11–14 years: Maturity, size, function, skill and goal orientation

Figueiredo

Gonçalves

Coelho‐e‐Silva

et al. 2009

Annals of Human Biology

217

212

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Section: Maturity Classificationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Youth soccer players, 11–14 years: Maturity, size, function, skill and goal orientation

Figueiredo

Gonçalves

Coelho‐e‐Silva

et al. 2009

Annals of Human Biology

217

212

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“…A year later, Rotch (78) proposed the use of "anatomic age", based on the radiographic assessment of the carpal bones, for grouping children in both school and sports. Commenting on the overrepresentation of early maturing boys competing in the 1957 Baseball Little League World Series, Krogman (47) suggested that assessments of maturation should be considered when determining player eligibility and evaluating athletic potential.…”

Section: Bio-banding: a History Of The Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-banding in Sport: Applications to Competition, Talent Identification, and Strength and Conditioning of Youth Athletes

Cumming

Lloyd

Oliver

et al. 2017

Strength &Amp; Conditioning Journal

230

299

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Bio-banding is the process of grouping athletes on the basis of attributes associated with growth and maturation, rather than chronological age. Children of the same age may vary considerably in biological maturation with some individuals maturing well in advance or delay of their peers. The timing of maturation has important implications for competition, talent identification and training. Increased awareness and interest in the subject of maturation has sparked a renewed interest in the study and application of bio-banding. This overview describes the purpose and process of bio-banding, potential benefits and limitations, and also presents some recent advances in its application in youth sports.

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“…Garganta, Maia, Silva, and Natal (1993) showed significant differences in height and mass between national youth team players and regional youth soccer players in Portugal. Advanced physiological maturity was observed for many children participating in the Little League World Series by Hale (1956), who used pubic hair ratings, and by Krogman (1959), who estimated skeletal age. Data comparing the physical properties of dropouts and players disadvantaged by their relative age to the body indices of players profiting from a relative age advantage are completely lacking, however.…”

Section: Physical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One alternative to chronological age as the basis of the classification system is biological age: anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, or a height-weight ratio, or physiological measurements such as dental age or sexual maturity revealed by secondary traits like pubic hair may be used as criteria to determine age grouping. Skeletal age is another promising indicator of physiological maturity since it provides a continuous indication of growth until maturity (Krogman, 1959; cf. Baxter-Jones, 1995).…”

Section: Classification Systems Based On Biological Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Unequal Competition as an Impediment to Personal Development: A Review of the Relative Age Effect in Sport

Musch

Grondin

2001

Developmental Review

666

880

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Children born shortly before the cutoff date for age grouping in youth sport programs suffer from being promoted to higher age groups earlier than their laterborn peers. Skewed birthdate distributions among participants in youth sport and professional sport leagues have been interpreted as the result of this disadvantage. A growing body of research shows that this Relative Age Effect in sport is a worldwide phenomenon and that it exists in many, but not all, competitive sports. Both physical and psychological mechanisms that may be responsible for the effect are identified. Negative consequences on personal development and possible remedies to the problem are discussed. Finally, desirable and necessary directions for future research are formulated. © 2001 Academic Press Most public school systems specify cutoff dates for entrance into kindergarten or first grade. Although a primary purpose of this procedure is to avoid large age differences, children born shortly after the cutoff date are still up to a full year older than late-born children in their respective age group. This difference of age between individuals in the same age group is referred to as relative age, and its consequence is known as the Relative Age Effect (RAE). A maximum relative age difference of almost 1 year, which is typical of the public school system in most countries, is associated with significant differences in children's cognitive development (Bisanz, Morrison, & Dunn, 1995;Morrison, Smith, & Dow-Ehrensberger, 1995). It isWe are grateful to Günther Bäumler and Roy Hay for stimulating discussions and comments on the RAE phenomenon. Two anonymous reviewers also helped to improve the manuscript.

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Maturation Age of 55 Boys in the Little League World Series, 1957

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Youth soccer players, 11–14 years: Maturity, size, function, skill and goal orientation

Youth soccer players, 11–14 years: Maturity, size, function, skill and goal orientation

Bio-banding in Sport: Applications to Competition, Talent Identification, and Strength and Conditioning of Youth Athletes

Unequal Competition as an Impediment to Personal Development: A Review of the Relative Age Effect in Sport

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