Matteo Ricci, Psychoanalysis, and Face in Chinese Culture and Diplomacy

Loewenberg, Peter

doi:10.1353/aim.2011.0046

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…We were aware that gathering authentic data on the highly sensitive issue of integration within the workforce would be difficult. We anticipated that the narration of any negative experiences would be unlikely because, given the collectivist nature of the culture, open discussion of sensitive issues and conflict is generally avoided (Wright and Bennett, 2008) and poor behavior is typically not referred to in order to help the parties involved maintain face (Loewenberg, 2011). Consequently, Emirati respondents tend to be reluctant to report any difficulties in their dealings with colleagues, as this could be construed as a loss of face to themselves or others.…”

Section: Research Instrument and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workforce localization, information sharing, and the imperative of culture

Goby

Ali

Lanjawi

et al. 2017

IJOA

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Purpose The aim of this study is to conduct an initial investigation of information sharing between the vast number of expatriate employees and the small minority of local employees in Dubai’s private sector workforce. Research on the impact of the workforce localization policy has highlighted the frequent marginalization of locals within the expatriate-dominated private sector. One form of this is the reluctance of expatriates to share information with local recruits, and the authors conducted this study to assess the reality and extent of this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach The authors designed a brief interview survey to probe how Emirati employees secure workplace information and whether they experience information withholding on the part of expatriate colleagues. The authors also explored whether any such experience impacts on their attitudes to working in the private sector since this is a key factor in the success of the localization policy. Complete responses were received from 0.9 per cent of the total local private sector workforce. Findings A notable lack of information sharing emerged with 58 per cent of respondents reporting their expatriate colleagues’ and superiors’ reluctance to share information with them, and 63 per cent describing experiences of discriminatory behavior. Research limitations/implications The authors identify key cultural and communication issues relating to localization within Dubai’s multicultural workforce. These include the broader cultural factors that determine how Emiratis conceptualize information sharing. Future research can pursue this issue to help inform the development of supportive information sharing practices. Such practices are an essential part of the creation of a diversity climate, which is necessary to sustain localization. Originality/value This study is a pioneering attempt to empirically investigate the information sharing practices that Emirati private sector employees experience. It suggests that the exclusion of citizens from the workplace through practices such as “ghost Emiratization” reverberates in the workplace through a lack of information sharing.

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Section: Research Instrument and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workforce localization, information sharing, and the imperative of culture

Goby

Ali

Lanjawi

et al. 2017

IJOA

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“…Face has been shown to be a universal concept (Zane and Yeh, 2002), although it is particularly dominant in collectivist cultures: "collectivists tend to have an interdependent view of the self, which fosters a sensitivity to the needs of others and, at the same time, a need for sensitivity from others" (Chan et al, 2009, p. 292). In such cultures mistakes should not be exposed or referred to in order to help preserve face (Loewenberg, 2011), and this impacts heavily on the response to, and communication about, a crisis. That is, while in individualist cultures, conflict or crisis may be more readily recognized and regarded as an opportunity for constructive discussion and change, in collectivist cultures such as the UAE conflict is more likely to be downplayed in generalized communication.…”

Section: Uae Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of culture on the construal of organizational crisis: perceptions of crisis in Dubai

Goby

Nickerson

2015

Corporate Communications: An International Journal

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Purpose – Despite the rising significance of the Arabian Gulf on the global corporate landscape, research is lacking in the area of organizational crisis communication. The purpose of this paper is to present a preliminary contribution to this gap in the form of an initial investigation of the conceptualization of crisis among female Emirati nationals in Dubai. Design/methodology/approach – With reference to Pearson and Clair’s (1998) list of organizational crises, the authors designed a survey to elicit perceptions of crises, their severity, and their likelihood of occurring in the United Arab Emirates; the authors administered this survey to 105 female Emirati respondents. Given the heavy delineation of gender roles that exists in the region, the authors limited this initial study to a single gender, women. The authors discuss the crises respondents identified as most severe and most likely to occur in the country in terms of culture, Islamic values, and business in Dubai. Findings – Responses indicate that perceptions of crisis differ vastly from those that typically obtain in western countries and that particular religious and cultural factors influence these perceptions. Research limitations/implications – Given the divergence between the construal of crisis in the Gulf and in western contexts, further investigation of how organizational crisis is perceived and responded to in Gulf contexts is warranted to inform corporate communication management in a region whose economic influence is increasingly important. Future research also needs to investigate a broader sample, including male respondents, in order to construct a framework of culture and crisis in the region. Practical implications – As more MNCs are attracted to Dubai, and other Gulf cities, it is imperative that they are well informed of the differing perceptions of, and reactions to, potential crises that may affect them directly or indirectly. Originality/value – The present study is the first the authors know of that assesses how organizational crises are perceived in a Gulf context. It brings to the fore certain particularities that could serve as hypotheses for an innovative research stream. While it is an exploratory study, it highlights salient issues that can be formulated into hypotheses in further research.

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Face in late imperial China's diplomacy with the United States: Minister Cui Guoyin's approach to Chinese exclusion

Zhang

2022

International Journal of Asian Studies

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As the Chinese minister to the United States between 1889 and 1893, Cui Guoyin faced unprecedented pressures from the Qing government to achieve an alleviation of Chinese exclusion. However, American discrimination against Chinese escalated despite his tireless effort to stem it. The failure made him frustrated and especially sensitive to the issue of face. While finding it a useful tool to exonerate himself, Cui believed that face could also be helpful to Chinese bargaining with the United States over immigration. He incorporated this belief into his exchanges with the U.S. Department of State. At Cui's suggestion or at least agreeing with him, the Zongli Yamen referred to America's reputation as a pressure for concessions in its communications with the U.S. legation in Beijing as well. Such “weaponization” of face represents both an often ignored backward turn in late Qing's diplomatic mentality and the limit of its diplomatic leverage with the United States.

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Matteo Ricci, Psychoanalysis, and Face in Chinese Culture and Diplomacy

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Workforce localization, information sharing, and the imperative of culture

Workforce localization, information sharing, and the imperative of culture

The impact of culture on the construal of organizational crisis: perceptions of crisis in Dubai

Face in late imperial China's diplomacy with the United States: Minister Cui Guoyin's approach to Chinese exclusion

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