Matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and the analysis of drugs and environmental pollutants in aquatic species

Walker, Calvin C; Lott, Heidi M.; Barker, Steven A.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(93)80090-u

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…On the other hand, such classical methods of analyte extraction using sample homogenisation and solid-liquid or liquid-liquid partitioning are time-consuming, labour-intensive, expensive in terms of materials and solvent volumes, and often cannot be completed before the materials in question have been placed on the market. Furthermore, evaporation of large solvent volumes is a source of analyte loss and atmospheric and environmental pollutions [60,79].…”

Section: Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades

Ledoux

2011

Journal of Chromatography A

265

106

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Section: Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades

Ledoux

2011

Journal of Chromatography A

265

106

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“…Elution of the MSPD column with a solvent or solvent sequence can provide a high resolution fractionation of target analytes that can be further purified by simultaneous use of co-columns of Florisil. The final eluate can, in most cases, be directly analyzed or further concentrated or manipulated to meet the demands of the individual analysis [78]. This approach has several possible advantages over the classical method for the disruption, lysis, and fractionation of biological matrices.…”

Section: Existing Spe Methodologies For Pesticide Msiduesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid phase techniques in the extraction of pesticides and related compounds from foods and soils

Picó¹,

Moltó²,

Mañes³

et al. 1994

J Microcolumn Separations

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The application of SPE tecbnology to the isolation of pesticides and related compounds from food and soils has grown enormously in the last decade. Much of this growth has been due to the relative ease of sample handling and the wide range of solid supports currently available for a variety of applications. The aim of this review is to present the methods for solid phase extraction (SPE) of pesticide residues from soils and foods. There are three main areas according to the type of approach used to handle the sample: solid phase extraction, solid phase clean-up (SPC), and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). This review covers milk products, fatty foods, fruits, vegetables, and soils. Solid phase materials are discussed in each case in terms of reversed bonded-phase silica sorbents (C1,, C,, C2, etc.) and polar sorbents (alumina, Florisil, and silica).

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“…105 In MSPD, the sample is mixed with a solid-phase material which separates matrix interferents from the pesticide analytes during extraction. Thus, cleanup is performed at the same time as the extraction.…”

Section: Matrix Solid-phase Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiclass, Multiresidue Analysis of Pesticides, Strategies for

Lehotay¹

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Strategies for multiclass, multiresidue analysis of pesticides depend on several factors that all derive from three fundamental considerations: (1) the need for the results; (2) the form and composition of the matrix; and (3) the time, resources, and technology available to the analyst. First, the need for the data dictates the quality assurance (QA)/quality control (QC) guidelines and the desired analytical figures of merit, such as limits of detection (LOD) and the accuracy and precision of the results. These needs also contribute to the choice of pesticide analytes, which sets the polarity range for the analysis. No single method can determine all pesticides in diverse matrices, so an overall strategy is often used to compartmentalize a series of approaches in order best to detect the targeted pesticides in an effective and efficient process. Second, the various types of matrices that are commonly analyzed for pesticide residues may affect the sample preparation approach employed in the analytical strategy. Common matrices for pesticide analysis consist of solids, liquids, and gases in applications associated with food, agricultural, environmental, and other sample types. Varying degrees of pesticide–matrix interactions in different materials require more or less stringent extraction procedures to separate the pesticides from the sample. Sample preparation in multiclass, multiresidue strategies frequently utilizes liquid–solid, liquid–liquid and other partitioning processes including those, such as pressurized fluid extraction (PFE), in which pressure and temperature of different fluids are controlled. Extracts often require cleanup to remove interfering co‐extracted matrix components prior to analysis. A variety of cleanup techniques based on a number of partitioning processes, such as liquid chromatography (LC), may be employed in an on‐line or off‐line fashion. Lastly, the sample extract is usually further separated and analyzed using one or more techniques. The majority of pesticides are analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) with mass spectrometry (MS) and/or element‐selective GC detectors. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is often used in the analysis of thermally labile pesticides that are not amenable to GC analysis. Other alternatives for analysis of certain pesticide include capillary electrophoresis (CE) and immunoassays. Fundamentally, a high degree of selectivity helps in generating excellent analytical results, but the wide polarity range of analytes in multiclass, multiresidue methods (MRMs) for pesticides necessitates a great deal of effort to attain a high degree of selectivity. Trade‐offs and compromises are omnipresent in multiclass, multiresidue analysis of pesticides, and a host of strategies are available depending on how the analytical chemist prioritizes the analytical and practical considerations.

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Matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and the analysis of drugs and environmental pollutants in aquatic species

Cited by 30 publications

References 79 publications

Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades

Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades

Solid phase techniques in the extraction of pesticides and related compounds from foods and soils

Multiclass, Multiresidue Analysis of Pesticides, Strategies for

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