Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 Immunoexpression in Prostate Carcinoma at the Positive Margin of Radical Prostatectomy Specimens

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in prostate cancer in the main tumor mass and tumor cells at the positive margin as well as the influence of these biomarkers on the biochemical recurrence of the disease in prostatectomy patients. Tissue microarrays of 120 archival prostate carcinoma samples were immunohistochemically evaluated for MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and compared with clinicopathological parameters. Tumors with positive surgical margins showed significantly higher overall expression of MMP-9 versus tumors with negative resection margins (P = 0.0121). MMP-9 expression was significantly elevated in tumors from patients who had biochemical recurrence (P = 0.0207). In the group of patients with negative margins, MMP-9 expression above the cut-off value was significantly associated with recurrence (P = 0.0065). Multivariate analysis indicated that MMP-9 is a good predictor of biochemical recurrence (odds ratio = 10.29; P = 0.0052). Expression of MMP-2 in tumor cells was significantly higher at the positive margins than in the main tumor mass (P = 0.0301). The present results highlight the potential value of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression for predicting the behavior of prostate tumors after prostatectomy with both positive and negative surgical margins.

Cannabinoid WIN 55,212‐2 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in prostate cancer in a cannabinoid‐receptor 2 dependent manner

“…The expression and activity of MMPs is increased in almost every type of human cancer including prostate cancer . In prostate cancer, overexpression of MMP2 and MM9 have been correlated with worse outcome and higher recurrence of disease in patients . Hence, further studies are required to explore the MMP9 pathway as a possible mechanism through which WIN is modulating metastatic inhibition.…”

“…22 In prostate cancer, overexpression of MMP2 and MM9 have been correlated with worse outcome and higher recurrence of disease in patients. 23 Hence, further studies are required to explore the MMP9 pathway as a possible mechanism through which WIN is modulating metastatic inhibition. Additionally, the use of a xenograft model in this study limits our ability to explore potential anti-metastatic effects in vivo.…”

Metalloproteinases and their roles in human cancer

“…In addition, patients with high MMP‐11 expression had significantly shorter survival, suggesting that high levels of MMP‐11 might have the potential to be used to predict a poor prognosis (Nonsrijun et al, ). In another study, differences in expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 were studied by tissue microarrays from patients who went under radical prostatectomy (Oguic et al, ). MMP‐9 expression was significantly higher in tumors with positive surgical margins compared to those with negative resection margins.…”

Pathohistological diagnosis of prostate cancer

“…U literaturi postoje prijepori o stvarnom značenju pozitivnih rubova koji se prema literaturi javljaju u rasponu od 16 -40 % prostatektomija, u našem centru u 36 %. Samo u 25 -47 % prostatektomija s tumorom na rubu resekcije razvija se biokemijski povrat bolesti, pa je potrebna dodatna karakterizacija tumora na rubu različitim biomarkerima za identifikaciju tumora većim rizikom od povrata bolesti 30 . Karakiewicz i sur.…”