Matrix composition and community structure analysis of a novel bacterial pyrite leaching community

Ziegler, Sibylle; Ackermann, Sonia; Majzlan, Juraj; Gescher, Johannes

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01959.x

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…and Acidithiobacillus spp. Interestingly, neither in the CARD FISH experiments nor in the sequencing data we could detect Ferrovum sp., which were found in former studies from the adit level of the mine (Ziegler et al, 2009). In the metagenomic data also, other typical acidophilic bacteria were detected in minor abundance-mainly Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria-like the ironreducing bacterium Ferrimicrobium sp.…”

Section: Microorganisms In the Biofilmsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Lower parts of the mine were flooded. The adit level is located 428 m above sea level and was studied in the work from Ziegler et al (2009). The first level is 399 m above sea level.…”

Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biofilm was centrifuged at 10 000 g for 10 min, and the supernatant was analyzed. Ferrous and total iron were quantified as described before Ecological niches of acidophilic microorganisms S Ziegler et al (Stookey, 1970;Ziegler et al, 2009). Sulfate quantification was conducted as described by Kolmert et al (2000).…”

Section: Determination Of Elemental Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…or Thermoplasma spp. (Bond et al, 2000;Dopson et al, 2004;García-Moyano et al, 2007;Ziegler et al, 2009;Kimura et al, 2011). Interestingly, some of the members of the Thermoplasmatales found by culture-independent methods in acidic mining areas are-judging from the 16S rDNA sequences-quite distinct from the isolated representatives (Rowe et al, 2007;Gonzalez-Toril et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Only three levels of this mine are accessible. Previously, biofilms from the adit level of the mine were studied (Ziegler et al, 2009). Ziegler et al (2009) described the bacterial community and mineralogy of this snottites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen-dependent niche formation of a pyrite-dependent acidophilic consortium built by archaea and bacteria

et al. 2013

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Biofilms can provide a number of different ecological niches for microorganisms. Here, a multispecies biofilm was studied in which pyrite-oxidizing microbes are the primary producers. Its stability allowed not only detailed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-based characterization of the microbial population in different areas of the biofilm but also to integrate these results with oxygen and pH microsensor measurements conducted before. The O 2 concentration declined rapidly from the outside to the inside of the biofilm. Hence, part of the population lives under microoxic or anoxic conditions. Leptospirillum ferrooxidans strains dominate the microbial population but are only located in the oxic periphery of the snottite structure. Interestingly, archaea were identified only in the anoxic parts of the biofilm. The archaeal community consists mainly of so far uncultured Thermoplasmatales as well as novel ARMAN (Archaeal Richmond Mine Acidophilic Nanoorganism) species. Inductively coupled plasma analysis and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra provide further insight in the biofilm characteristics but revealed no other major factors than oxygen affecting the distribution of bacteria and archaea. In addition to catalyzed reporter deposition FISH and oxygen microsensor measurements, microautoradiographic FISH was used to identify areas in which active CO 2 fixation takes place. Leptospirilla as well as acidithiobacilli were identified as primary producers. Fixation of gaseous CO 2 seems to proceed only in the outer rim of the snottite. Archaea inhabiting the snottite core do not seem to contribute to the primary production. This work gives insight in the ecological niches of acidophilic microorganisms and their role in a consortium. The data provided the basis for the enrichment of uncultured archaea.

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Section: Microorganisms In the Biofilmsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Lower parts of the mine were flooded. The adit level is located 428 m above sea level and was studied in the work from Ziegler et al (2009). The first level is 399 m above sea level.…”

Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Elemental Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen-dependent niche formation of a pyrite-dependent acidophilic consortium built by archaea and bacteria

et al. 2013

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Unique architecture of microbial snottites from a methane driven biofilm revealed by confocal microscopy

Neu,

Kuhlicke,

Karwautz

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Microbial biofilms occur in many shapes and different dimensions. In natural and semi‐artificial caves they are forming pendulous structures of 10 cm and more. In this study a methane driven microbial community of a former medicinal spring was investigated. The habitat was completely covered by massive biofilms and snottites with a wobbly, gelatinous appearance. By using fluorescence techniques in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy the architecture of these so far unknown snottites was examined. The imaging approaches applied comprised reflection of geogenic and cellular origin, possible autofluorescence, nucleic acid staining for bacterial cells, protein staining for bacteria and extracellular fine structures, calcofluor white for β 1 → 3, β 1 → 4 polysaccharide staining for possible fungi as well as lectin staining for the extracellular biofilm matrix glycoconjugates. The results showed a highly complex, intricate structure with voluminous, globular, and tube‐like glycoconjugates of different dimensions and densities. In addition, filamentous bacteria seem to provide additional strength to the snottites. After screening with all commercially available lectins, by means of fluorescence lectin barcoding and subsequent fluorescence lectin binding analysis, the AAL, PNA, LEA, and Ban lectins identified α‐Fuc, β‐Gal, β‐GlcNAc, and α‐Man with α‐Fuc as a major component. Examination of the outer boundary with fluorescent beads revealed a potential outer layer which could not be stained by any of the fluorescent probes applied. Finally, suggestions are made to further elucidate the characteristics of these unusual microbial biofilms in form of snottites.Research Highlights The gelatinous snottites revealed at the microscale a highly complex structure not seen before. The extracellular matrix of the snottite biofilm was identified as clusters of different shape and density. The matrix of snottites was examined by taking advantage of 78 fluorescently‐labeled lectins. The extracellular matrix glycoconjugates of snottites identified comprised: α‐Fuc, β‐Gal, β‐GlcNAc, and α‐Man. Probing the snottite outer surface indicated an additional unknown stratum.

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Eukaryotic life in biofilms formed in a uranium mine

et al. 2012

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The underground uranium mine Königstein (Saxony, Germany), currently in the process of remediation, represents an underground acid mine drainage (AMD) environment, that is, low pH conditions and high concentrations of heavy metals including uranium, in which eye‐catching biofilm formations were observed. During active uranium mining from 1984 to 1990, technical leaching with sulphuric acid was applied underground on‐site resulting in a change of the underground mine environment and initiated the formation of AMD and also the growth of AMD‐related copious biofilms. Biofilms grow underground in the mine galleries in a depth of 250 m (50 m above sea level) either as stalactite‐like slime communities or as acid streamers in the drainage channels. The eukaryotic diversity of these biofilms was analyzed by microscopic investigations and by molecular methods, that is, 18S rDNA PCR, cloning, and sequencing. The biofilm communities of the Königstein environment showed a low eukaryotic biodiversity and consisted of a variety of groups belonging to nine major taxa: ciliates, flagellates, amoebae, heterolobosea, fungi, apicomplexa, stramenopiles, rotifers and arthropoda, and a large number of uncultured eukaryotes, denoted as acidotolerant eukaryotic cluster (AEC). In Königstein, the flagellates Bodo saltans, the stramenopiles Diplophrys archeri, and the phylum of rotifers, class Bdelloidea, were detected for the first time in an AMD environment characterized by high concentrations of uranium. This study shows that not only bacteria and archaea may live in radioactive contaminated environments, but also species of eukaryotes, clearly indicating their potential influence on carbon cycling and metal immobilization within AMD‐affected environment.

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Matrix composition and community structure analysis of a novel bacterial pyrite leaching community

Cited by 43 publications

References 43 publications

Oxygen-dependent niche formation of a pyrite-dependent acidophilic consortium built by archaea and bacteria

Oxygen-dependent niche formation of a pyrite-dependent acidophilic consortium built by archaea and bacteria

Unique architecture of microbial snottites from a methane driven biofilm revealed by confocal microscopy

Eukaryotic life in biofilms formed in a uranium mine

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