Matrices for Carbon Fiber Composites

Park, Soo‐Jin

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-0538-2_3

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…The high surface areas of the carbons (≥100 g m −2 ) ensure a high degree of interfacial contact between the carbon surface and the polymer. This fact should be taken as a prerequisite, since it should be carried out additional measurements [as e.g., the infrared internal reflection spectroscopy (IR–IRS)] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and reactivity distribution behaviors during curing process of carbon/epoxy composite with thermoplastic interface coatings (T800/3900‐2 prepreg) under the nonisothermal conditions

Janković

2016

Polymer Composites

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In this work, the thermal stability, the non-isothermal cure kinetics and distributed reactivity model (DRM) for fiber reinforced resin matrix composite (T800H/ 3900-2 prepreg) have been systematically analyzed using combined phenomenological and partially fundamental approaches. It has been shown that the proposed actual kinetic model (expressed through the three-parameter Sest ak-Berggren (SB) model including the diffusion effects) more accurately describes the curing process than the idealized kinetic model (which includes only the autocatalytic reaction). Presence of diffusion phenomena that occur at elevated temperatures and higher values of the extent of cures were demonstrated and explained in detail, through the use of modified Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) equation (based on the glass transition analysis) and the Avrami crystallization theory. The DRM was demonstrated that in autocatalytic stage, the reaction of primary amine with two epoxy groups plays an important role in the overall curing process. It has been shown that condensed phase effects can lower the apparent activation energy (E a ) value of the curing process. The lifetime analysis showed that the studied T800H/3900-2 prepreg possesses good thermal resistance, which is connected with the process including a ring-opening addition-type crosslinking reaction.POLYM. COMPOS.,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and reactivity distribution behaviors during curing process of carbon/epoxy composite with thermoplastic interface coatings (T800/3900‐2 prepreg) under the nonisothermal conditions

Janković

2016

Polymer Composites

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“…Remarkably, the layers' orientation has been fixed so that the three superimposed layers form a reticulate with the greatest possible mechanical resistance. This procedure ensures a good simulation of the production techniques of CFRP products for the avionics industry (molding of flat laminates or automated deposition techniques [1]). Moreover, a cylindrical sub-superficial defect due to delamination has been simulated in the plate.…”

Section: The Comsol ® Multiphysics Implementation Of the Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decade, the aviation industry has paid a great deal of attention to improving aircraft's safety already at the design stage, coupling a low structural weight with a high tolerance to damage [1][2][3]. Accordingly, new classes of advanced composite materials have been increasingly exploited for this aim.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fuzzy Similarity-Based Approach to Classify Numerically Simulated and Experimentally Detected Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Plate Defects

Versaci

Angiulli

Crucitti

et al. 2022

Sensors

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This paper presents an eddy current approach for testing, estimating, and classifying CFRP plate sub-surface defects, mainly due to delamination, through specific 2D magnetic induction field amplitude maps. These maps, showing marked fuzziness content, require the development of a procedure based on a fuzzy approach being efficiently classified. Since similar defects produce similar maps, we propose a method based on innovative fuzzy similarity formulations. This procedure can collect maps similar to each other in particular defect classes. In addition, a low-cost analysis system, including the probe, has been implemented in hardware. The developed tool can detect and evaluate the extent of surface defects with the same performance as a hardware tool of higher specifications, and it could be fruitfully employed by airline companies to maintain aircraft in compliance with safety standards.

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“…It also requires a crosslinking agent to cure, as opposed to resole resin, whose methylol and dibenzyl ether edge groups are reactive enough to complete the polymerisation (via the formation of intermediate resitole) and cure the resin to resite without the addition of a curing agent. 15,18 Very important is the temperature profile of the curing/post-curing process that plays a crucial role in the ultimate composite performance. 1,19 Carbon fibre-reinforced polymeric composites show excellent mechanical properties; however, their thermal resistance is low, so their use is limited to temperatures below 400 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, novolac resin is more stable and demonstrates infinite shelf‐life because its macromolecules bear edge‐phenolic groups. It also requires a crosslinking agent to cure, as opposed to resole resin, whose methylol and dibenzyl ether edge groups are reactive enough to complete the polymerisation (via the formation of intermediate resitole) and cure the resin to resite without the addition of a curing agent 15,18 . Very important is the temperature profile of the curing/post‐curing process that plays a crucial role in the ultimate composite performance 1,19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of novolac resin‐ and resole resin‐based carbon/carbon composites in relation to their fabrication conditions

Georgiou,

Kyriakopoulou,

Zoumpoulakis

2024

Polymer International

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The demands of cost‐driven industrial applications can be satisfied by manufacturing composites with a low volume fraction of carbon fibres as phenolic carbon fibre‐reinforced composites and C/C composites, both with acceptable performances, for low‐ or high‐temperature applications, respectively. Polymeric composites reinforced with a low volume fraction (7.5% v/v) of carbon fibres were fabricated using laboratory‐produced phenolic resins, novolac (N) and resole (R), as matrices after different curing/post‐curing temperature profiles. By optimising the manufacturing conditions, the N‐based polymeric composites exhibited higher flexural strength, whereas the R‐based composites showed higher shear strength. C/C composites, namely N‐based and R‐based, were manufactured by pyrolysis of the previous polymeric composites up to 1000 °C. The pyrolysed composites were then densified by impregnation with an appropriate resin solution, followed by curing and new pyrolysis, and particularly by employing 1 up to 4 consecutive cycles of ‘impregnation‐curing / pyrolysis’. Weight changes resulting from the impregnation‐curing and pyrolysis stages were determined. The curing of both resins was verified by FTIR. The apparent density and X‐ray diffraction data of the C/C composites were used to calculate their total percent porosities. The morphology and elemental analyses of C/C composites at their failure region (after flexural testing) were examined by SEM/EDS analyses. In comparison to N‐based C/C composites, R‐based ones exhibited: higher shear strength, lower flexural strength, higher Shore D hardness, slightly higher surface conductivity, and lower volume conductivity. The optimum conditions for the manufacture of C/C composites were achieved by applying two consecutive cycles of ‘pyrolysis‐impregnation‐pyrolysis’ to the polymeric composites.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Matrices for Carbon Fiber Composites

Cited by 3 publications

References 113 publications

Kinetic and reactivity distribution behaviors during curing process of carbon/epoxy composite with thermoplastic interface coatings (T800/3900‐2 prepreg) under the nonisothermal conditions

Kinetic and reactivity distribution behaviors during curing process of carbon/epoxy composite with thermoplastic interface coatings (T800/3900‐2 prepreg) under the nonisothermal conditions

A Fuzzy Similarity-Based Approach to Classify Numerically Simulated and Experimentally Detected Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Plate Defects

Performance of novolac resin‐ and resole resin‐based carbon/carbon composites in relation to their fabrication conditions

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