Mating Disruption of Chilo suppressalis From Sex Pheromone of Another Pyralid Rice Pest Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract

The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), and the rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée, are two of the most destructive lepidopteran pests in rice. Since these two pyralid insects overlap in their occurrence in rice paddy fields, farmers prefer to set their pheromone-baited traps together in the rice fields for their monitoring. However, our field observation demonstrated that no male adult of C. suppressalis was captured in traps baited with commercial sex pheromone of C. suppressalis (CCS) combined with commercial sex pheromone of C. medinalis (CCM). To confirm that the C. medinalis sex pheromone component(s) interfere with the attraction of males of the rice stem borers to their conspecific females, single components of C. medinalis sex pheromone combined with CCS in traps were tested in the laboratory and rice paddy field. The results revealed that the two alcohol components in CCM, i.e., (Z)-11-octadecen-1-ol (Z11-18: OH) and (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol (Z13-18: OH) may cause a significant reduction in capturing C. suppressalis males caused by CCS. We recommend against using these sex pheromones together in the field and suggest that Z11-18: OH and Z13-18: OH could be potential inhibitors or antagonists of C. suppressalis sex pheromone to control the rice stem borer.

Use of Food Attractant to Monitor and Forecast Population Dynamics of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a Long-Distance Migratory Pest

“…medinalis has a long-distance migratory habit; Fu et al used radar to monitor the migration dynamics of C. medinalis in the Bohai Bay area [12] and provided the flight speed, The C. medinalis food attractant (ingredients and ratio: methyl salicylate:limonene: camphor = 1:0.5:2.5) was a solid block [28], with an active ingredient content of 4 g/package. C. medinalis sex pheromones were composed of Z13-18: Ald, Z11-18: Ald, Z13-18: OH, and Z11-18: OH, at a 500:60:120:60 ratio [14], with 740 µg/pc active ingredient provided on a PVC capillary. Bell inverted funnel traps were fixed at 50 cm above the rice plant, and the height was adjusted regularly with the growth of the plant.…”

Pheromone antagonism in Plu tella xylostella (Linnaeus) by sex pheromones of two sympatric noctuid moths

“…6 Females generally produce 'minor' components, which maintain speciesspecificity, and the male antennae express pheromone receptors specifically tuned to each of the pheromone components of the female blend. [7][8][9][10] These components are usually geometric isomers or analogs of the common major pheromone compound, and they share biosynthetic pathways. The species-specific minor components and the overall blend ratio are often detected by heterospecific males and cause these males to cease their pheromone-guided anemotaxis.…”

“…The species-specific minor components and the overall blend ratio are often detected by heterospecific males and cause these males to cease their pheromone-guided anemotaxis. 9 There are also a few cases in which pheromone antagonism occurs between sympatric moths that share no common pheromone compounds. These species are often distantly related phylogenetically and belong to different genera 4,11,12 or more rarely to different families.…”

Optimal Pest Control Strategies with Cost-effectiveness Analysis

“…In application, the deployment of synthetic sex pheromone in the mating disruption program can be undertaken by using passive dispensers [ 14 ], or even through an aerosol delivery system, a more effective system as it can be applied at far lower density (2–5 units per hectare) than a passive dispenser, and it can be operated at certain periods following the active period of the insects [ 15 ]. Pest control by using mating disruption technique has commonly been adopted to mediate the behaviour of a different type of insects on various type of plants, e.g., white grub beetle in sugarcane [ 16 ], stem borer and leaf folder in rice [ 17 ], the light brown apple moth in pine forest [ 18 ], tortricid moth in apple and vineyards [ 19 ], and the control of coleopteran and fruit flies [ 11 ].…”