Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis in One-Dimensional Statement Taking into Account Soot Formation

Baranovskiy, Nikolay V.; Kirienko, Viktoriya Andreevna

doi:10.3390/pr9091616

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…In the last decade, the approach of deterministicprobabilistic prediction of forest fire danger has been intensively developed at Tomsk Polytechnic University [21]. This integrated method combines a probabilistic prediction of factors of forest fire danger and scenario modeling based on deterministic mathematical models of drying, pyrolysis, and ignition of forest fuel [22][23][24]. Improvement of the deterministic-probabilistic approach has necessitated the analysis of published developments in this area.…”

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Forest Fuel Drying, Pyrolysis and Ignition Processes during Forest Fire: A Review

Baranovskiy

Kirienko

2022

Processes

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Forest ecosystems perform several functions that are necessary for maintaining the integrity of the planet’s ecosystem. Forest fires are thus a significant danger to all living things. Forest fire fighting is a foreground task for modern society. Forest fire prediction is one of the most effective ways to solve this urgent issue. Modern prediction systems need to be developed in order to increase the quality of prediction; therefore, it is necessary to generalize knowledge about the processes occurring during a fire. This article discusses the key features of the processes prior to forest fuel ignition (drying and pyrolysis) and the ignition itself, as well as approaches to their experimental and mathematical modeling.

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Forest Fuel Drying, Pyrolysis and Ignition Processes during Forest Fire: A Review

Baranovskiy

Kirienko

2022

Processes

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“…In addition, specific boundary conditions have been formulated that make it possible to simulate the effect of a high-temperature environment characterizing the influence of a crown forest fire front on a forest fuel sample. Other forest fires scenarios can also be used [62].…”

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confidence: 99%

Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis and Crown Forest Fire Impact for Forest Fire Danger and Risk Assessment

Baranovskiy

Kirienko

2022

Processes

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In order to predict and assess the danger from crown forest fires, it is necessary to study the thermal degradation of different forest fuels in a high-temperature environment. In this paper, the main characteristics of pyrolysis accompanied by moisture evaporation in a foliage sample of angiosperms (birch) were investigated within conditions typical for a crown forest fire. The heat and mass transfer in the forest fuel element is described by the system of non-stationary non-linear heat conduction equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The considered problem is solved within the framework of the three-dimensional statement by the finite difference method. The locally one-dimensional method was used to solve three-dimensional equations for heat conduction. The simple iteration method was applied to solve nonlinear effects caused by the forest fuel pyrolysis and moisture evaporation. The fourth kind of boundary conditions are applicable at the interface between the sub-areas. Software implementation of the mathematical model is performed in the high-level programming language Delphi in the RAD Studio software. The characteristic changes in the sample temperature field and the phase composition under high-temperature exposure from a forest fire are presented. The induction period of the thermal decomposition of dry organic matter in the sample was determined. Recommendations are made about key features of accounting for the pyrolysis and evaporation processes when predicting forest fire danger. The research results can be used in the development and improvement of systems for predicting forest fire danger and environmental consequences of the forest fires.

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Deterministic–Probabilistic Prediction of Forest Fires from Lightning Activity Taking into Account Aerosol Emissions

2022

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Forest fires arise from anthropogenic load and lightning activity. The formation of a thunderstorm front is due to the influence of a number of factors, including the emission of aerosol particles from forest fires. The purpose of this study is mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer in vegetation firebrand carried out from a forest fire front, taking into account the formation of soot particles to predict forest fire danger from thunderstorm activity. Research objectives: (1) development of a deterministic mathematical model of heat and mass transfer in a pyrolyzed firebrand of vegetation, taking into account soot formation; (2) development of a probabilistic criterion for assessing forest fire danger from thunderstorms, taking into account aerosol emissions; (3) scenario modeling of heat and mass transfer and the formation of a thunderstorm front; (4) and the formulation of conclusions and proposals for the practical application of the developed deterministic–probabilistic approach to the prediction of forest fires from thunderstorms, taking into account aerosol emissions. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a new model of heat and mass transfer in a pyrolyzed vegetation firebrand and a new probabilistic criterion for forest fire danger due to thunderstorm activity, taking into account aerosol emission. The distributions of temperature and volume fractions of phases in a firebrand are obtained for various scenarios. Scenarios of surface fires, crown forest fires, and a fire storm are considered for typical types of coniferous vegetation. Cubic firebrands are considered in the approximation of a two-dimensional mathematical model. To describe the heat and mass transfer in the firebrand structure, a differential heat conduction equation is used with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions, taking into account the kinetic scheme of pyrolysis and soot formation. Variants of using the developed mathematical model and probabilistic criterion in the practice of protecting forests from fires are proposed. Key findings: (1) linear deterministic–probabilistic mathematical model to assess forest fire occurrence probability taking into account aerosol emission and lightning activity; (2) results of mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer in firebrand taking into account soot formation; (3) and results of scenario modeling of forest fire occurrence probability for different conditions of lightning activity and aerosol emission.

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Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis in One-Dimensional Statement Taking into Account Soot Formation

Cited by 4 publications

References 62 publications

Forest Fuel Drying, Pyrolysis and Ignition Processes during Forest Fire: A Review

Forest Fuel Drying, Pyrolysis and Ignition Processes during Forest Fire: A Review

Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis and Crown Forest Fire Impact for Forest Fire Danger and Risk Assessment

Deterministic–Probabilistic Prediction of Forest Fires from Lightning Activity Taking into Account Aerosol Emissions

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