Mathematical Modelling of the Electrode Process of Azithromycin Using Cyclic Voltammetry at Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode

Shawabkeh, Reyad; Tutunji, Maha F.

doi:10.3390/s21100436

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…According to data from Fig. 8 , oxidation potential is decreased by increasing pH, which shows the participation of proton in the oxidation mechanism process of Azi as reported previously (Shawabkeh and Tutunji 2002 ). Also, the highest peak current was observed at pH 7.0, which was the optimum pH for electrochemical analysis (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on carbon paste electrode modified with graphene nanoribbon–CoFe2O4@NiO and ionic liquid for azithromycin antibiotic monitoring in biological and pharmaceutical samples

et al. 2023

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In this report, Azithromycin (Azi) antibiotic was measured by carbon paste electrode (CPE) improved by graphene nanoribbon–CoFe 2 O 4 @NiO nanocomposite and 1-hexyl-3 methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (HMIM PF 6 ) as an ionic liquid binder. The electrochemical behavior of Azi on the graphene nanoribbon–CoFe 2 O 4 @NiO/HMIM PF 6 /CPE is investigated by voltammetric methods, and the results showed that the modifiers improve the conductivity and electrochemical activity of the CPE. According to obtained data, the electrochemical behavior of Azi is related to pH. under optimum conditions, the sensor has linear ranges from 10 µM to 2 mM with a LOD of 0.66 µM. The effect of scan rate and chronoamperometry were studied, which showed that the Azi electro-oxidation is diffusion controlled with the diffusion coefficient of 9.22 × 10 –6 cm 2 /s. The reproducibility (3.15%), repeatability (2.5%), selectivity, and stability (for 30 days) tests were investigated, which results were acceptable. The actual sample analysis confirmed that the proposed sensor is an appropriate electrochemical tool for Azi determination in urine and Azi capsule.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on carbon paste electrode modified with graphene nanoribbon–CoFe2O4@NiO and ionic liquid for azithromycin antibiotic monitoring in biological and pharmaceutical samples

et al. 2023

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“…The various pH also affected the potential of AZM oxidation, shifting toward negative directions at higher pH. This shift suggests the participation of H + in the oxidation of AZM [27] . The proposed mechanism of AZM oxidation is shown in Scheme 1, in which the amine group from N3 (red) is oxidized and the dialkylamine experiences further oxidation, leading to the formation of a radical cation upon losing a single electron.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This shift suggests the participation of H + in the oxidation of AZM. [27] The proposed mechanism of AZM oxidation is shown in Scheme 1, in which the amine group from N3 (red) is oxidized and the dialkylamine experiences further oxidation, leading to the formation of a radical cation upon losing a single electron. This radical cation manifests as the oxidation peak current of AZM.…”

Section: Effect Of Optimum Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Azithromycin using Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Boron‐Doped Diamond Nanoparticles and Reduced‐Graphene Oxide

Jiwanti,

Insani,

Sari

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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Excessive use of azithromycin (AZM) is associated with resistance and negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an electrochemical sensor for AZM. The screen‐printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with boron‐doped diamond nanoparticle (BDDNP) and reduced‐graphene oxide (rGO) was successfully applied to measure the AZM concentration. The morphology of the modified electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDX). Furthermore, the effect of electrochemical parameters, such as signal per background, scan rate, and selectivity was determined. The results showed that under optimum conditions, the plot of AZM demonstrated linearity in the range of 30–100 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) at 1.6 μM. The repeatability and recovery were also investigated, and the sensor was applied to real samples obtained from hospital wastewater. A remarkable 93.27 % recovery rate and excellent precision were recorded with an %RSD of 2.41 %. This study underscores the potential of SPCE modified with rGO/BDDNP for accurate and reliable measurement of AZM levels, showcasing great applicability in addressing the challenges associated with monitoring AZM in various environmental settings.

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“…The figure revealed two peak potentials for the signalling of AN, i. e. 850 mV and 1150 mV. It has previously been reported that AN oxidizes at a potential of 1181 mV . At low concentrations (7–15 nmol/L AN) the first peak potential shifts anodically with increase in AN concentration from 900 mV to 925 mV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Selective Alternating Current Voltammetric Signalling Protocol: Application in Dendritic Co‐polymer Sensor for Anthracene

et al. 2017

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A sensitive anthracene (AN) sensor was developed with a gold electrode modified with a dendritic star‐copolymer film by in situ electrochemical co‐polymerization of generation 3 propylenethiophenoimine and 3‐hexylthiophene. The sensor's {Au/G3PPT‐co‐P3HT: i. e. gold‐generation 3 poly(propylenethiophenoimine)‐co‐poly(3‐hexylthiophene)} analytical response for anthracene was obtained by phase selective alternating current voltammetric (PSACV) signal transduction. An in‐phase angle of 0° yielded the most sensitive stripping signal and produced the best discrimination between the Faradaic and capacitive currents. The PSACV sensor exhibited a linear range (LR) of 3.48–56.4 nmol/L AN and a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.62 nmol/L AN. The LOD is comparable to the value of 4.4 nmol/L AN reported for glassy carbon electrode modified with graphenated polyaniline sensor. The low LOD value suggests that the AN sensor has promise for monitoring compliance to World Health Organisation (WHO) approved limit for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wastewater (3.93 nmol/L). The Au/G3PPT‐co‐P3HT sensor is not as sensitive as gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS) and reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) methods. However, the advantage of the PSACV signalling protocol is that real sample test results indicate that the sensor can be used for the determination of AN in oil‐polluted wastewater.

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Mathematical Modelling of the Electrode Process of Azithromycin Using Cyclic Voltammetry at Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on carbon paste electrode modified with graphene nanoribbon–CoFe2O4@NiO and ionic liquid for azithromycin antibiotic monitoring in biological and pharmaceutical samples

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on carbon paste electrode modified with graphene nanoribbon–CoFe2O4@NiO and ionic liquid for azithromycin antibiotic monitoring in biological and pharmaceutical samples

A New Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Azithromycin using Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Boron‐Doped Diamond Nanoparticles and Reduced‐Graphene Oxide

Phase Selective Alternating Current Voltammetric Signalling Protocol: Application in Dendritic Co‐polymer Sensor for Anthracene

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