Mathematical Modelling of Microwave Pyrolysis

Khaghanikavkani, Elham; Farid, Mohammed

doi:10.1515/ijcre-2012-0060

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Activation energy (Ea), Arrhenius constant (A), and temperature rise rate (β) values are explained. Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO) model is shown in Equation () and Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KAS) model in Equation () 11,23–25

\ln ((), \frac{g (α)}{T^{2}}) goodbreak= \ln ((), \frac{A \cdot R}{Ea \cdot β}) goodbreak- \frac{Ea}{R \cdot T} .

\ln ((), β) goodbreak= \ln ((), \frac{A \cdot Ea}{R \cdot g (α)}) goodbreak- 5.3305 goodbreak- 1.052 ((), \frac{italicEa}{R \cdot T}) .

\ln ((), \frac{β}{T^{2}}) goodbreak= \ln ((), \frac{A \cdot R}{Ea \cdot g (α)}) goodbreak- \frac{Ea}{R \cdot T} .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

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et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this research, modified castor oil (MCO)‐based biocomposite has been synthesized and its structure is strengthened with waste polyethylene (PE) reinforcement. Both the petrochemical raw material used is reduced by 12 wt% and a new environmentally friendly biocomposite is produced using waste PE. Considering some thermophysical properties of the obtained biocomposite, experimental working conditions, and composition ratios have been optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). The chemical bond structure of the biocomposite has been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, thermal decomposition behavior by thermogravimetric analysis, and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy. According to the results obtained, the density and hardness of the biocomposite synthesized by the addition of MCO to unsaturated polyester (UP) decreases, and its thermal conductivity and thermal stability increase. The thermal decomposition kinetics of the biocomposite is also modeled with the newly improved hyperbolic function equation. The relationship between conversion rate and the temperature has been determined by the new model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9985) and low‐error functions (SST = 0.0096, RMSE = 0.0285, χ2 = 0.0037). Effective and efficient use of MCO, UP, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and cobalt octoate in the production process has provided an economical and steady the biocomposite. Evaluation of experimental data with both RSM and artificial neural networks raises the reliability of the model results.

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\ln ((), \frac{g (α)}{T^{2}}) goodbreak= \ln ((), \frac{A \cdot R}{Ea \cdot β}) goodbreak- \frac{Ea}{R \cdot T} .

\ln ((), β) goodbreak= \ln ((), \frac{A \cdot Ea}{R \cdot g (α)}) goodbreak- 5.3305 goodbreak- 1.052 ((), \frac{italicEa}{R \cdot T}) .

\ln ((), \frac{β}{T^{2}}) goodbreak= \ln ((), \frac{A \cdot R}{Ea \cdot g (α)}) goodbreak- \frac{Ea}{R \cdot T} .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) model is shown in Equation ( 9) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) model in Equation (10). 11,[23][24][25] ln…”

Section: Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Of Biocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Aydoğmuş

DAĞ

Yalçın

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…It was also discovered that with the k 7 reaction constant, some of the oil directly transformed into gas, as shown in Figure 2. [ 24 ] This study was conducted at a temperature range of 340–370°C to evaluate the effect of predicted rate constants on product yield over process time. High‐density plastic may yield oil, gas, and carbon black when subjected to thermal disintegration during additional extraction procedures.…”

Section: Analysis Of Species Using Predicted Rate Constantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical sensitivity analysis of temperature‐dependent reaction rate constants for optimized thermal conversion of high‐density plastic waste into combustible fuels

et al. 2023

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The use of experimental rate constants for producing a high yield of liquid fuels from the pyrolysis of plastic waste is not widely accepted owing to a lack of compatibility between the different kinetic rate constants responsible for successful conversion reactions. In R software, the Arrhenius law can forecast the ideal combination of reaction rate constants and frequency factors and then perform sensitivity analysis on individual rate constants to estimate the selectivity and quantity of primary pyrolysis products. Sensitivity analysis is a way of determining the effectiveness of individual rate constants in the reaction. This research element is currently lacking in the literature for the cost‐effective valorization of plastics into combustible fuels. We are the first to use R software to perform sensitivity analysis on specific rate constants by reducing or raising their initial values to a point where maximum oil yield is attainable in the temperature range of 340–370°C. The primary focus was to save time and cost of extracting empirical rate constants from experiments to produce commercial‐scale pyrolytic oil. The H‐abstraction, chain fission, polymerization, and scission reactions were chosen due to the high availability of free radicals for maximum oil production. The oil recovery rate improved drastically to 90% at the end of processing time, while the number of by‐products gradually decreased. The k8 rate constant driven reaction is the best‐suited condition for industrial‐scale pyrolysis of high‐density plastics into liquid fuels, with 74% improvement in oil production and 14% improvement in light wax during sensitivity analysis.

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“…Takođe, i rezultati ispitivanja pirolize kako sintetskog, tako i otpadnog PP, u laboratorijskom šaržnom reaktoru sa fiksnim slojem, pokazuju da se na 500°C ostvaruje prinos od približno 80% kondenzabilnih produkata, ali i ovdje se radi o relativno maloj masi uzoraka (20 g sirovine) (28). U jednoj studiji kinetike pirolize HDPE u polušaržnom reaktoru pri neizotermnim uslovima, navodi se da sa padom temperature od 495°C na 450°C opada aktivaciona energije za 20%, (29).…”

Section: Rezultati I Diskusija Uticaj Temperature Na Pirolizu Plastikeunclassified

Uticaj Temperature Na Pirolizu Otpadne Plastike U Reaktoru Sa Fiksnim Slojem

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Originalni naučni radPiroliza, kao jedna od tehnika hemijske reciklaže plastičnih materijala, danas izaziva sve veća intersovanja kao ekološki i ekonomski prihvaljiva opcija obrade otpadnih materijala. Istraživanja ovih procesa se provode pri različitim eksperimentalnim uslovima, u različitim vrstama reaktora i sa različitim sirovinama, što čini poređenje procesa i direktnu primjenu procesnih parametara dosta složenim. U ovom radu dati su rezultati istraživanja uticaja temperature, u intervalu od 450°C do 525°C, na prinos procesa pirolize smjese otpadne plastike u sastavu: polipropilen 40%, polietilen niske gustine 35% i polietilen visoke gustine 25%. Istraživanja su provedena u pilot reaktoru sa fiksnim slojem koji je razvijen za ovu namjenu. Rezultati provedenih istraživanja pokazuju da se pri temperaturi od 500°C postiže potpuna konverzija sirovine u vremenu od 45 min, uz maksimalni prinos pirolitičkog ulja od 32,80%, prinos gasovitih produkata od 65,75% i čvrsti ostatak od 1,46%. Sa daljim porastom temperature raste prinos gasovitih produkata, na račun smanjenja prinosa pirolitičkog ulja. Dobijeno pirolitičko ulje ima visoku toplotnu moć (45,96 МЈ/kg), te u tom pogledu ima potencijal primjene kao alternativno gorivo.Ključne riječi: piroliza, reaktor sa fiksnim slojem, otpadna plastika, temperatura procesa UVODKao rezultat stalnog povećanja potrošnje plastičnih materijala, u većini zemalja uključujući i BiH, prisutan je trend stalnog povećanja produkcije otpadne plastike (1). Danas su u Evropi najtraženije vrste plastike poliolefinski polimeri, odnosno polipropilen PP (19%), polietilen niske gustine LDPE (17%) i polietilen visoke gustine HDPE (12%), pri čemu se najveći dio ove plastike koristi za ambalažu, oko 39,4% (2). Prema zvaničnoj evropskoj statistici, u zemljama članicama EU prosječno se stvara 159,4 kg ambalažnog otpada po stanovniku godišnje, pri čemu udio otpadne plastike u ukupnoj količini ambalažnog otpada iznosi 19% (3). Prema domaćoj zvaničnoj statistici u 2012. godini ukupna količina proizvedenog i prikupljenog komunalnog otpada u Republici Srpskoj je iznosila 376.438 t, odnosno 250.223 t, respektivno, pri čemu je najmanje prikupljeno ambalažnog otpada, 445 t ili 0,2%, dok detaljniji podaci o eventualnim količinama i vrstama otpadne plastike nisu navedeni (4,5,6). Ipak, može se reći da je kao i u drugim zemljama, većina reciklabilne ambalaže prisutne na tržištu sačinjena od HDPE, LDPE, PP, polietilen-tereftalata (PET), polivinil-hlorida (PVC) i polistirena (PS) (7).Većina plastičnih materijala nije biorazgradljiva, ima malu gustinu te je nepoželjno njihovo odlaganje na deponije (8). Jedna od tehnika hemijske reciklaže plastičnih materijala je i piroliza odnosno termičko krekovanje, koja danas izaziva sve veće interesovanje kao ekološki i ekonomski prihvaljiva opcija obrade otpadnih materijala. Piroliza se definiše kao termohemijski proces razgradnje organskih materija usljed zagrijavanja u inertnoj atmosferi. Zavisno od primijenjene tehnologije, proces se može voditi kako u smjeru dobijanja gor...

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Mathematical Modelling of Microwave Pyrolysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Numerical sensitivity analysis of temperature‐dependent reaction rate constants for optimized thermal conversion of high‐density plastic waste into combustible fuels

Uticaj Temperature Na Pirolizu Otpadne Plastike U Reaktoru Sa Fiksnim Slojem

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