Mathematical modelling of granola breakage during pipe pneumatic conveying

Baş, Nursin; Pathare, Pankaj B.; Catak, Muammer; Fitzpatrick, John J.; Cronin, Kevin; Byrne, Edmond P.

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2010.06.015

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Historically, the bucket elevator was considered the more "gentle" transport system, as pneumatic systems have particles accelerated into pipe bends causing significant attrition. Therefore there has been much research into the impact of the design of pipe geometry, transport pressure, solids/airflow mass ratio and transport velocity [7,5,1,12,4]. However, much of this has been focused on laboratory scale experimentation and validation of models with these data, whereas the systems encountered in industry are significantly larger.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of powder breakdown during conveying within industrial milk powder plants

Boiarkina

Sang

Depree

et al. 2016

Advanced Powder Technology

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Instant whole milk powder is designed to rapidly dissolve in water, which depends on the particle size distribution (PSD). The fragile powder exiting the dryer is conveyed for packing which breaks down the particles, worsening the dissolution properties. This work investigated the effect of conveying on the final functional properties using two industrial plants with differing transport systems; a pneumatic system and bucket elevator. It was expected that the plant with the bucket elevator consistently produced powder with superior dissolution due to lower breakdown during transport. This was evaluated using the change in PSD. It was found that the plant with the bucket elevator had at least as large a change in the median particle size as the plant with the pneumatic transport system, contrary to the expectation. However, the plant with the bucket elevator had an initially larger particle size, and so the percentage of fine particles that negatively impact dissolution, remained low post transport. When quantified using the change in bulk density, having an initially low bulk density compensated for large increases in bulk density during conveying and powder with lower bulk density pre-transport showed better wettability post transport. Thus in order to produce powder with the desired functionalities the focus should be on improving the initial agglomeration and generating larger particles and lower bulk density pre-transport, as opposed to optimizing the powder transport.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of powder breakdown during conveying within industrial milk powder plants

Boiarkina

Sang

Depree

et al. 2016

Advanced Powder Technology

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“…a large bowl with impeller) or in a high-shear mixer granulator as described by Baş et al [9]. The commercial granola samples show large variation in terms of size and textural properties across the different brands investigated [82].…”

Section: A Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It generally displays a high degree of friability [9]. Processing of granola involves mixing of dry ingredients followed by the addition of binder usually containing honey, water, molasses and/or oil as part of a granulation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Wet Granulation Processes for Granola Breakfast Cereal Production

Pathare

Byrne

2011

Food Eng Rev

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The present review discusses the attributes of granola breakfast cereal produced by wet granulation. Granola is an aggregated baked food product often eaten as a breakfast cereal containing natural ingredients such as oats, nuts and honey. Wet granulation is a unit operation where fine primary particulate materials (powders, grains etc.) agglomerate in the presence of a liquid binder to produce larger granules. High-shear granulation and fluidised bed granulation are the most common mode of wet granulation. Granulation prevents the segregation of coagglomerated components, resulting in an improvement in content uniformity. In addition, the compression and dissolution characteristics, product attractiveness of the product are improved. The granulation process and operation conditions are discussed in detail and a case study employing granola production is presented.

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“…The related experimental data is taken from literature. 42 They applied the population balance model to characterize the breakage process of aggregated food products passing through a pneumatic conveying pipeline rig. In the experiment, the granola products were formed subject to impeller agitation at 300 rpm for 9 min using a high shear mixer, then the aggregates were baked in an oven for 10 min at 170°.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete Solution of the Breakage Equation Using Markov Chains

Catak

Baş

Cronin

et al. 2010

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Analytical solution of population balance equations (PBEs) may be impossible except for some simple cases. In the literature there are a number of methods to solve PBEs including discrete methods, Monte Carlo simulation, and method of moments. In this paper, the Markov chain is presented as a discrete solution for a population balance equation of a breakage process for determining the particle size distribution (PSD) over time. The transition matrix P, which is the key operator of a Markov chain, is built using breakage equations. Thereafter, from calculating transition matrix, P, the particle size distribution of the system is easily evaluated using the Markov chain. According to simulation results, if the size range of the system is divided into a sufficient number of states and an appropriate transition time step was chosen, then results from the Markov chain are in agreement with the analytical solution of PBEs governed by the same breakage functions. In addition to theoretical illustration, the Markov theory was employed to model the breakage process of aggregated food products passing through a pneumatic conveying pipeline rig.

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Mathematical modelling of granola breakage during pipe pneumatic conveying

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

The significance of powder breakdown during conveying within industrial milk powder plants

The significance of powder breakdown during conveying within industrial milk powder plants

Application of Wet Granulation Processes for Granola Breakfast Cereal Production

Discrete Solution of the Breakage Equation Using Markov Chains

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