Mathematical modelling of buoyancy-induced smoke flow in enclosures

Markatos, N.C.; Malin, M. R.; Cox, Geoff

doi:10.1016/0017-9310(82)90235-6

Cited by 223 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…[3,4] In a few cases, the ceiling jet in a corridor-sa simpler geornetry-vhas been studied. A full three-dimensional theory [5,6] shows the expected bulbous front of the transient jet which is well known from hydraulic experiments [7,8] but which is of little importance in fire spread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Ceiling Jet In Fires

Emmons¹

1991

Fire Saf. Sci.

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The steady fire-produced ceiling jet in an open ended corridor is examined with a simplified "top hat" theory. At a corridor open end, the hot fluid accelerates upward producing a Richardson Number equal to I for tranquil flow as the flow control. Friction satisfies this condition by upstream waves with a hydraulic jump, if necessary. Entrainment has qualitatively the same result, but with quantitative differences. Heat transfer at low friction causes the Richardson Number and depth to rise. The manner of adjustment to Ri = I at an open end needs further study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Ceiling Jet In Fires

Emmons¹

1991

Fire Saf. Sci.

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“…This set consists, in general, of the following equations: the continuity equation; the three momentum equations that govern the conservation of momentum per unit mass in each of the three space dimensions; the equation for conservation of energy; and, the equations for a turbulence model, in this case the k-epsilon model with buoyancy modifications. The precise formulation of the differential equations describing the model will not be given here as they may be found elsewhere [6,7,14]. Combustion and radiation are ignored in the simulations presented here.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the heart of these fire field models is the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code and a large proportion of these models are based on commercial CFD software such as PHOENICS [S] and FLOW3D [6]. The former is the core of the JASMINE [7] code and an aircraft cabin fire code [3] while the latter has been used to investigate the Kings Cross Underground fire [2] as well as aircraft [8] and high rise building fire scenarios [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison Of Two Fire Field Models With Experimental Room Fire Data

Kerrison¹,

Mawhinney²,

Galea³

et al. 1994

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Fourth International S

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This paper describes the application of two fire field models to the description of fire induced flows in domestic sized rooms. A systematic and critical comparison is made of two commonly used CFD codes for fire modelling, PHOENICS and FLOW3D. Comparisons are based on upper-layer room temperatures, mass fluxes in and out of the fire compartment and door-way vertical and horizontal temperature and velocity profiles. Given identical meshes, both models agree reasonably well with the observed trends. A close examination of the horizontal door-way velocity profiles highlights the need for careful modelling and experimental practices.

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“…(1) The object of this contribution is to summarise some recent validation work with the Fire Research Station's field model known as JASMINE (for Analysis of Smoke Movement in Enclosures) in three distinctly different situatio~s. Two of these concern r~~ms-of similar size, in one case with no significant ventilation openings and in the other with forced ventilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Field Model Validation Studies

Cox¹,

Kumar²,

Markatos³

1986

Fire Saf. Sci.

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The three dimensional time-dependent field model known as JASMINE has been applied to several experimental fire configurations for validation purposes. Comparisons of predictions with non-spreading experimental fires conducted in a forced ventilated fire test cell (6 m x 4 m x 4,5 m), closed six-bed hospital ward (7.3 m x 7.9 m x 2.7. m) and a railway tunnel, both forced and naturally ventilated (390 m x 5 m x 4 m) are summarised in this paper.The agreement is shown to be quite satisfactory except in the immediate vicinity of the fire source.It is suggested that the model may now be used with some caution to study smoke movement problems, however, improvements to the turbulence -chemistry interaction at the source will be required before the spreading fire can be reliably predicted.

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Mathematical modelling of buoyancy-induced smoke flow in enclosures

Cited by 223 publications

References 9 publications

The Ceiling Jet In Fires

The Ceiling Jet In Fires

A Comparison Of Two Fire Field Models With Experimental Room Fire Data

Some Field Model Validation Studies

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