Mathematical modelling and voltage control of fuel cell

Satpathy, Selly; Padhee, Subhransu; Bhuyan, Kanhu Charan; Ingale, Ganesh Baliram

doi:10.1109/iceets.2016.7583853

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Unlike conventional power sources, renewable energy sources as clean energy have received much attention worldwide due to many key reasons, such as the depletion of fossil fuels, price inflations, and other environmental issues. One of the fastest growing and promising renewable energy storage apparatuses is the fuel cell, which can convert fuel chemical energy into electric energy via chemical reactions [1][2][3][4]. Today, many assortments of fuel cells are commercialized, such as the polymer exchange membrane (PEM) type for low-operating temperatures [3], and solid-oxide fuel cells for high-operating temperatures [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-State Modeling of Fuel Cells Based on Atom Search Optimizer

2019

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In simulation studies, the precision of fuel cell models has a vital role in the quality of results. Unfortunately, due to the shortage of manufacturer data given in the datasheets, several unknown parameters should be defined to establish the fuel cell model for further precise analysis. This research addresses a novel application of the atom search optimization (ASO) algorithm to generate these unknown parameters of the fuel cell model and in particular of the polymer exchange membrane (PEM) type. The objective of this study is to establish an accurate model of the PEM fuel cells, which will provide accurate results of modeling and simulation in a steady-state condition. Simulations and further demonstrations were performed under MATLAB/SIMULINK. The viability of the proposed models was appraised by comparing its simulation results with the experimental results of number of commercial PEM fuel cells. In the same context, the obtained numerical results by the proposed ASO-based method were compared to other challenging optimization methods-based results. Finally, parametric tests were made which indicated the robustness of the ASO results as well. It can be stated here that ASO performs well and has a good capability to extract the unknown parameters with lesser errors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-State Modeling of Fuel Cells Based on Atom Search Optimizer

2019

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“…Thus, the higher DC bus voltage ensures lower EM and inverter losses across the speed spectrum [121]. The DC/DC converter utilises a cascaded control configuration, which comprises a fast inner current control loop (i.e., 1/10 of switching frequency, fsw) and a slow outer voltage control loop (i.e., 1/10 of inner control loop bandwidth) [118,221]. These two control loops are synchronised with the driver torque command inputs and the inverter's modulation ratio to ensure the powertrain's transient efficiency while minimising noise.…”

Section: Bus Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions

et al. 2022

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Long-haul heavy-duty vehicles, including trucks and coaches, contribute to a substantial portion of the modern-day European carbon footprint and pose a major challenge in emissions reduction due to their energy-intensive usage. Depending on the hydrogen fuel source, the use of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) for long-haul applications has shown significant potential in reducing road freight CO2 emissions until the possible maturity of future long-distance battery-electric mobility. Fuel cell heavy-duty (HD) propulsion presents some specific characteristics, advantages and operating constraints, along with the notable possibility of gains in powertrain efficiency and usability through improved system design and intelligent onboard energy and thermal management. This paper provides an overview of the FCEV powertrain topology suited for long-haul HD applications, their operating limitations, cooling requirements, waste heat recovery techniques, state-of-the-art in powertrain control, energy and thermal management strategies and over-the-air route data based predictive powertrain management including V2X connectivity. A case study simulation analysis of an HD 40-tonne FCEV truck is also presented, focusing on the comparison of powertrain losses and energy expenditures in different subsystems while running on VECTO Regional delivery and Longhaul cycles. The importance of hydrogen fuel production pathways, onboard storage approaches, refuelling and safety standards, and fleet management is also discussed. Through a comprehensive review of the H2 fuel cell powertrain technology, intelligent energy management, thermal management requirements and strategies, and challenges in hydrogen production, storage and refuelling, this article aims at helping stakeholders in the promotion and integration of H2 FCEV technology towards road freight decarbonisation.

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“…The control strategy lies in manipulating the switch's duty cycle, which causes the voltage change (Raju and Tharun Kumar, 2017). The parameters of a DC/DC boost converter during continuous mode operation are given in the following equations (Elbaset et al, 2016;Satpathy et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2017):…”

Section: Dc/dc Converter Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A grid-tied PV-fuel cell multilevel inverter under PQ open-loop control scheme

et al. 2022

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Power generating entities’ connection to utility grids requires power converters to achieve high efficiency and low injected current harmonic distortion. The control of the power converter plays a crucial role in the grid-tied power converter’s performance. Various control techniques for grid-tied inverters ranging from classical to intelligent are introduced in several exist. Evaluating the current state and trend in grid-tied power inverters and related control methods, research shows that most works in this area focus on grid integration using the close-loop and other advanced control approaches. This is because these control methods are preferred since they provide adequate performance in case of uncertainties in the system. This investigation can aprove that PQ open-loop control technique can operate sufficiently and cost-effectively in grid-tied renewable and alternative power systems under normal operating conditions. Hence, this paper aims to assess the performance of a centralized single-stage grid-tied three-level diode clamped inverter connected to a PV-Fuel cell unit. An active and reactive power open-loop control scheme is employed to operate the inverter and achieves a current harmonic distortion below 5%. The system comprises a 150 kW/700 V PV, a 150 kW/1400 V fuel cell, a 265 kW multilevel inverter operating at a rated voltage of 415 V, and an LCL filter. Two operating scenarios are adopted to investigate the system’s responses further. In the first scenario, a local load of 509.2 kW is supplied from the PV-fuel cell inverter. The load also receives the grid’s power to meet the demand as the PV-fuel cell inverter provides only 265 kW. Whereas in the other scenario, the PV-fuel cell unit provides power to supply a local load while transporting the surplus to the grid. The results reveal the developed model’s good performance with a current harmonic distortion of 0.33%.

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Mathematical modelling and voltage control of fuel cell

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Steady-State Modeling of Fuel Cells Based on Atom Search Optimizer

Steady-State Modeling of Fuel Cells Based on Atom Search Optimizer

A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions

A grid-tied PV-fuel cell multilevel inverter under PQ open-loop control scheme

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