Mathematical Modeling of the Transmission and Control of Foodborne Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance at Preharvest

Lanzas, Cristina; Lu, Zhao; Gröhn, Yrjö T.

doi:10.1089/fpd.2010.0643

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Understanding how antimicrobial drug regimens influence enteric bacteria in food animals is a relevant public health concern as food animals are a reservoir for zoonotic enteric bacteria, including resistant bacteria. In recent years, mathematical models of different complexities have been developed to investigate the underlying relationships between antimicrobial use and gut bacteria dynamics [28][29][30][31]. Most studies combined data from the literature to parameterize the models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of enrofloxacin on enteric Escherichia coli: Fitting a mathematical model to in vivo data

Erwin¹,

Foster²,

Jacob³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Antimicrobial drugs administered systemically may cause the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among enteric bacteria. To develop logical, research-based recommendations for food animal veterinarians, we must understand how to maximize antimicrobial drug efficacy while minimizing risk of antimicrobial resistance. Our objective is to evaluate the effect of two approved dosing regimens of enrofloxacin (a single high dose or three low doses) on Escherichia coli in cattle. We look specifically at bacteria above and below the epidemiological cutoff (ECOFF), above which the bacteria are likely to have an acquired or mutational resistance to enrofloxacin. We developed a differential equation model for the antimicrobial drug concentrations in plasma and colon, and bacteria populations in the feces. The model was fit to animal data of drug concentrations in the plasma and colon obtained using ultrafiltration probes. Fecal E. coli counts and minimum inhibitory concentrations were measured for the week after receiving the antimicrobial drug. We predict that the antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria above the ECOFF pre-treatment strongly affects the composition of the bacteria following treatment. Faster removal of the antimicrobial drugs from the colon throughout the study leads to improved clearance of bacteria above the ECOFF in the low dose regimen. If we assume a fitness cost is associated with bacteria above the ECOFF, the increased fitness costs leads to reduction of bacteria above the ECOFF in the low dose study. These results suggest the initial E. coli susceptibility is a strong indicator of how steers respond to antimicrobial drug treatment. Fig 1. ODE schematic. Schematic of the mathematical model for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the steer and the effects on the E. coli population. The compartments S, P, and C are antimicrobial concentration in the steer while the compartments E and R describe the bacteria population in the feces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of enrofloxacin on enteric Escherichia coli: Fitting a mathematical model to in vivo data

Erwin¹,

Foster²,

Jacob³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…The number of foodborne illness caused by 31 major foodborne pathogens in the United States was estimated at 9.4 million per year (Scallan, et al, 2011), costing the U.S. between 50 and 77 billion each year (Lanzas, Lu, & Gr€ ohn, 2011). Additionally, there are approximately 1.6 million cases of foodborne illnesses occurring related to 30 specified pathogens each year in Canada (Thomas, et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane disruption and DNA binding of Staphylococcus aureus cell induced by a novel antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans FX-6

et al. 2016

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“…Sheep are important for mutton, wool and milk production throughout the world [1]. There are approximately 26.1 million sheep in Ethiopia [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological study of ovine toxoplasmosis in East and West Shewa Zones of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia

et al. 2013

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BackgroundToxoplasmosis is a globally distributed zoonosis. Consumption of raw or undercooked meat, which is among the main risk factors for acquiring human infection, is a popular tradition in Ethiopia. However, studies on toxoplasmosis in food animals used for human consumption in Ethiopia are very scarce. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to estimate the seroprevalence and the risk factors of T. gondii infection in sheep in Ambo, Ada’a-Liben and Fentale districts of Central Ethiopia. Sera from 1130 sheep were analyzed for Toxoplasma gondii specific IgG antibodies using an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the P30 antigen. A questionnaire was administered to assess potential risk factors for T. gondii seropositivity. Association of seroprevalence with potential risk factors related to altitude, host and farm characteristics were analyzed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOverall flock and animal level seroprevalences were 70.48% (160/227; 95% CI: 64.51, 76.46) and 31.59% (357/1130; 95% CI: 28.88, 34.31), respectively. The multivariable logistic regression model indicated that the probability of acquiring T. gondii was higher in sheep from highland (2300 – 3200 meters above sea level) [Odds ratio (OR) = 4.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.65, 6.36; P < 0.001] and midland (OR = 4.54, 95% CI: 2.76, 7.49; P < 0.001) than from lowland (<1500 meters above sea level), in females than in males (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.43, P = 0.033), in adult than in young animals (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.97, 4.35, P < 0.001), in small than in large flocks (OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.26, 8.86, P = 0.016), and in sheep that were given tap water (OR = 4.07, 95% CI: 1.07, 15.42, P = 0.039) and river water (OR = 4.18, 95% CI: 1.54, 11.35, P = 0.005) than in those that drunk water from mixed sources (i.e., river, well, lake and pond).ConclusionsThe high flock and animal level seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep is a good marker of the potential risk for human infections. Altitude, sex, age, flock size and source of water were identified as important risk factors to acquire the infection. Public education and awareness training are imperative in order to alleviate the danger posed to consumers. Further detailed studies to assess the impact of infections are warranted.

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Mathematical Modeling of the Transmission and Control of Foodborne Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance at Preharvest

Cited by 32 publications

References 60 publications

The effect of enrofloxacin on enteric Escherichia coli: Fitting a mathematical model to in vivo data

The effect of enrofloxacin on enteric Escherichia coli: Fitting a mathematical model to in vivo data

Membrane disruption and DNA binding of Staphylococcus aureus cell induced by a novel antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans FX-6

Seroepidemiological study of ovine toxoplasmosis in East and West Shewa Zones of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia

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