Mathematical Modeling of Pollutant Formation

CARETTO, L.S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-024780-9.50008-3

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“….A.lso, the amount of prompt NO [64] is small compared to thermal NO and hence prompt NO is not accounted for in the present model.…”

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the various oxides of nitrogen, nitric oxide {NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2} are the major species emitted from combustion processes [64]. Under most conditions, NO is present in much larger concentration than N02-Hence, the present model focuses on the formation of NO.…”

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present model, instantaneous cylinder NO is calculated over the entire cycle, and the NO concentration in the cylinder corresponding to exhaust valve opening is compared with experimentally obtained exhaust NO level. The kinetics of NO in the engine cylinder have been modeled, using simplified schemes, by other researchers [22], [64], and [65].…”

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Multizone Modeling of a Fumigated Diesel Engine

Ottikkutti¹,

Gerpen²,

Cui³

1991

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“….A.lso, the amount of prompt NO [64] is small compared to thermal NO and hence prompt NO is not accounted for in the present model.…”

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multizone Modeling of a Fumigated Diesel Engine

Ottikkutti¹,

Gerpen²,

Cui³

1991

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…Tst is the stoichiometric flame temperature corresponding to the inlet temperature, T 3 . Equation (54) suggests that in the combustion of heterogeneous fuel-air mixtures it is the stoichiometric flame temperature that determines the formation of NO.. However, for the residence time in the combustion zone, which is also significant to NOx formation, the appropriate temperature term is the bulk value, Tpz, as indicated in the denominator of Eq.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion

Lefebvre¹

1986

International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines

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Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 7lhis program is an analyticaG s;udy corre ating fuel properties and engine "design and operating parameters with engine combustion performance and hot section (combustor and turbine) durability. Standard fuel specification data and fuel composition data are considered, along with special fuel properties and characteristics not routinely measured.. Engine combustor design parameters considered are fuel injection and atomization, fuel/air mixing, residence times, temperatures and pressures, and flow velocities and other important design parameters. DTIC ELECTE- 4'of the fuel.In due course, the extensive research initiated by the major fuel and engine companies and the various governmental research establishments yielded increasing knowledge of fuel properties and the manner in which they affect aircraft performance, safety and reliability. This improved understanding helped to eliminate or ease many formidable problems, but from time to time various new problems emerged, mainly as a result of the continuing demand for increases in aircraft speed, range and operating altitude. In the late 1960s the growth of public concern over air pollution caused by combustion processes eventually culminated in legislation for closer control of exhaust emissions, notably in terms of reductions in carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, smoke and nicric oxides. The restraining effects of these requirements, coupled with the fact that the aircraft user has traditionally been able to draw his fuel supplies from the highest quality feedstock, fostered conservatism to the extent that current airline fuels do not differ markedly from the kerosine used by Whittle.In general, for any given aircraft application, the optimum fuel is one that represents the best compromise solution to the various problems confronting the fuel companies, the engine and aircraft manufacturers and the operator. For civil aircraft the main requirements are safety, reliability, low cost and ease of handling. For military aircraft fuel cost is of secondary importance compared with availability, supply logistics and the need for trouble-free operation over a wide range of conditions.The most dominant fuel issues of today are those of cost and availability. The steps now being taken to ensure future supplies of fuels for gas turbines, in addition to various measures of fuel conservation, include the exploitation of alternative fuel sources and the acceptance of a broader specification for aviation fuels. It is clearly of paramount importance that prediction techniques be established for estimating accurately, for iny given combustor, the impact of any change in fuel specification on hardware durability and the key aspects of combustion performance.A complicating factor in the attainment of this goal is that the effect of a change in fuel properties is not constant for all combustors but varies between one combustor and another, due to differences in operating conditions and differences in design. For example,...

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“…Since neither diesel fuel nor alcohol contain nitrogen, the formation of fuel NO is ignored in the present model. .A.lso, the amount of prompt NO [64] is small compared to thermal NO and hence prompt NO is not accounted for in the present model.…”

Section: Solution Procedures To Obtain Final Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Multizone modeling of a fumigated diesel engine

Ottikkutti

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Mathematical Modeling of Pollutant Formation

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Multizone Modeling of a Fumigated Diesel Engine

Multizone Modeling of a Fumigated Diesel Engine

Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion

Multizone modeling of a fumigated diesel engine

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